Ethnic townships of the People's Republic of China
Nationality communities (民族乡) are administrative units at the community level in the People's Republic of China.
The township is in the administrative division of the People's Republic of China under the county level. It is composed of large communities, municipalities, nationality municipalities, road districts, Sumd, office area and a period nationalities - Sum. At this level, there are currently 40 446 administrative units (as at 31 December 2012), of which 1,063 Nationality municipalities ( 2.63% ).
Just as the Sumd in the migratory livestock economically dominated areas of Inner Mongolia are the equivalent to the communities in arable areas, the nationalities sum is the equivalent of the inner Mongolian Nationality community.
Chance of nationality communities have been converted by now due to the increasing population and a certain degree of urbanization in the center of the settlement in " nationalities - large communities " (民族 镇). However, these are neither in a separate category captures still statistically to the large municipalities (镇) counted.
According to the Constitution of the People's Republic of China and the Chinese " law on national regional autonomy " (民族 区域 自治法) are autonomous districts or wherever because of the small number and scattered distribution of ethnic minorities, it is not possible or not meaningful, autonomous regions, to establish autonomous counties, nationality communities are created. Nationality communities are not part of the autonomous administrative divisions. There are however some special rights that are associated with this state. This also means that the mayor of a municipality nationality should be as a member of the Titularnationalität and is usually also. The higher authorities have to grant nationality communities special business promotion and to give special support in the areas of culture and education.
Distribution
Nationality communities there are mainly where several nationalities live in mixed residential areas or where a nationality in small numbers living in an area dominated by a different nationality. There are (as of 31 December 2012):
- 236 Nationality communities in Guizhou,
- 142 Nationality communities in Yunnan,
- 98 Nationality communities in Sichuan,
- 97 Nationality communities in Hunan,
- 68 Nationality communities in Liaoning,
- 58 Nationality communities in Guangxi,
- 55 Nationality Towns in Heilongjiang,
- 51 Nationality communities in Hebei,
- 42 Nationality communities in Xinjiang,
- 34 Nationality communities in Gansu,
- Each 28 Nationality communities in Jilin and Qinghai,
- 19 Nationality communities in Fujian,
- 17 Nationality communities in Inner Mongolia,
- Each 14 Nationality communities in Chongqing and Zhejiang,
- 12 Nationality communities in Henan,
- 10 Nationality communities in Hubei,
- Each Nationality 9 communities in Tibet and Anhui,
- 8 Nationality communities in Jiangxi,
- 7 Nationality communities in Guangdong,
- 5 Nationality communities in Beijing,
- Each one nationality township in Jiangsu and Tianjin and
- No nationality communities in Shandong, Shanghai, Ningxia, Hainan, Shaanxi and Shanxi.
Used literature
- Meyers Atlas China. On the way to a world power. Bibliographical Institute AG: Mannheim 2010 ISBN 978-3-411-08281-0, pp. 92-93. .
- Shen, Lin沉 林:中国 的 民族乡Zhongguo de minzu xiang ( The nationality communities of China ). Beijing 2001. ISBN 7-105-02846-7.
- Tiemu'er铁木尔[ Teimur ] and Zhao, Xianren赵 显 人[Hg ] :中国 民族乡 统计 分析 与 对策 研究Zhongguo minzu xiang tongji Fenxi yu duice yanjiu (statistical analysis and measures research of nationality communities of China ). Beijing 2002. ISBN 7-105-05335-6.
- Yin Zhongqing (尹中卿): The political system in China today. China Intercontinental Press. ISBN 7-5085-0470-4 Beijing 2004, 197 pp.
- Nationality Municipality (China)
- Administrative divisions ( People's Republic of China)