Francisco de Zurbarán
Francisco de Zurbarán ( born November 7, 1598 Fuente de Cantos in Extremadura; † August 27, 1664 in Madrid) was a Spanish painter.
Life
Zurbarán came to Seville in the school of Juan de las Roelas, studied a lot from nature and formed its own " strongly naturalistic " style out, which was based on strong chiaroscuro effects. In this he was related to Caravaggio and Ribera.
In 1625 he began the great images for the reredos of St. Peter in the Cathedral of Seville with scenes from the life of Peter and of the Immaculate Conception. Soon after came one of his masterpieces, the triumph of St.. Thomas Aquinas. Later he worked in Santa María de Guadalupe, where eight large images from the life of St. Jerome for the local monastery arose.
Back in Seville, he painted three large paintings for the Carthusian monastery of Santa María de las Cuevas. Philip IV appointed him court painter. The altar for the Charterhouse of Jerez he painted in 1633 already in this function. In 1650 he was called to Madrid. Here the deeds of Hercules emerged.
Zurbarán is a painter who expresses more than Velázquez and Murillo, the ascetic- religious element of the Spanish people. He mainly painted legend cycles, devotional paintings, portraits and pictures of Carthusians.
Works
Prado, Madrid
- Defence of Cadiz against England - 1634, oil on canvas, 302 × 323 cm
- The vision of the apostle Peter of St. Peter Nolasco of - 1629, oil on canvas, 179 × 223 cm
- The Holy Casilda of Burgos - 1638-42, oil on canvas, 184 × 90 cm
- The vision of the apostle Peter of St. Peter Nolasco of - 1629, oil on canvas, 179 × 223 cm
- Still life - oil on canvas, 46 × 84 cm
- Saint Luke, shown as a painter of the Crucifixion scene - about 1660, oil on canvas, 105 × 84 cm
National Gallery, London
- The Saint Margaret - 1631, oil on canvas, 194 × 112 cm; see Margaret of Antioch
Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest
- The Apostle Andrew - 1631, oil on canvas, 146.7 × 61 cm; see Andrew ( Apostle )
- The Flight into Egypt - 1659, oil on canvas, 121.5 × 97 cm
Louvre, Paris
- The Holy Apollonia - Oil on canvas, 113 × 66 cm; see Apollonia of Alexandria
- The opposite Saint Bonaventure - 1629, oil on canvas, 250 × 225 cm; see Bonaventura
Various museums
- The Adoration of the Shepherds - 1638-39, oil on canvas; Musée de Grenoble, Grenoble
- Still life with lemons, oranges and roses - 1633, oil on canvas, 60 × 107 cm; Norton Simon Museum, Pasadena
- Vision of Saint Alonso Rodriguez - Oil on canvas; Real Academia de Bellas Artes de San Fernando, Madrid; see Alphonsus Rodriguez
- The Holy Agatha - 1630-33, oil on canvas; Musée Fabre, Montpellier; see Agatha of Catania
- Portrait of the Duke of Medinaceli - Oil on canvas; Museo Hospital de Tavera, Toledo; see Duke of Medinaceli
- St. Francis - 1660, oil on canvas, 65 × 53 cm; Alte Pinakothek, Munich
- The St. Hugo of Grenoble in the Carthusian Refectory - by 1633, oil on canvas, 102 × 168 cm; Museo de Bellas Artes, Seville; see Hugh of Grenoble
- The St. Bonaventure in Prayer - 1629, oil on canvas, 239 × 222 cm; State Art Collections in Dresden Gemäldegalerie Alte Meister, Dresden; see Bonaventura