Fyodor Sergeyev

Fyodor Andreyevich Sergeyev (Russian Фёдор Андреевич Сергеев; * 7 Märzjul / March 19 1883greg in Glebowo, Kursk, .. † July 24, 1921 in the province of Tula ) was a Russian revolutionary. He was also known under the name of Artyom.

Life and work

Fyodor Sergeyev came from the family of a contractor and was born in the Russian Kursk. The childhood and youth were spent in Ekaterinoslav. From 1892 to 1901 he attended the technical high school. In 1901 he then moved to the Technical University in Moscow.

There he was after a few months a member of the Social Democratic Workers' Party of Russia ( RSDLP ). He took in 1902 participated in the student protests and was forced expelled for arrested and imprisoned for six months in the prison of Voronezh. After his release, he lived in the Donets Basin, where he founded a social democratic circles at a local coal mine. He strengthened, inter alia, his illegal work with the spread of Lenin's writings. In 1902 Sergeyev left Russia and went to Paris to study at the Russian Academy of Social Sciences, where he also attended a series of lectures by Lenin. A year later, he returned to his homeland and started again with the illegal work in Ekaterinoslav and in the Donezbeckenregion. From the miners there he received his party name ( contemporary ) Artyom.

When he became the beginning of 1905, after his third prison term, dismissed, he went on the instructions of the party to Kharkiv. The workers of Kharkov chose him as their delegate to the Fourth Congress of the RSDLP. Through betrayal all the delegates were arrested. 1907 Sergeyev, was sentenced to life in exile in Siberia. In 1910 he came over Korea and China to Australia. There he continued his work and founded the newspaper Australian Echo for Russian workers emigrants.

Since February 1918, he was Chairman of the Council of People's Commissars and commissioner for economy in the Soviet Republic of Donetsk - Krivoy Rog. He was co-organizer of the First Donetsk army, which fought their first battles against the newly independent Ukrainian government and the White troops of General Kaledins. After several defeats he succeeded in the army, which was now called the 5th Army, to lead to Tsaritsyn and to preserve them so before complete annihilation. In 1919 Sergeyev was Deputy Chairman of the Provisional Government of Ukraine and led the defense of the Donets Basin against the troops of General Anton Denikin white. He then became chairman of the Regional Committee for the reorganization of the coal in the Donets Basin. As a member of the Government of Ukraine it was a special request to revive him Donezregion. In the years 1920/21, he supported Lenin against Leon Trotsky in the trade union issues by sometimes wrote Lenin's "Platform of the Ten ". Sergeyev was a member of the Central Committee of the party and was so to the narrowest leadership circle of the Soviet Union. From 1920 to early 1921 he was secretary of the Moscow Party Committee and then Chairman of the miners' union TKS.

He was killed on July 24, 1921 fatal if test flight of a motorized rail cars and was buried in Moscow near the Kremlin wall in a common grave.

Honors

• The Bobrowskaja - coal mines in today's Sverdlovsk Oblast were named yet 1921 by Artyom. The corresponding settlement received the Artjomowski.
• The Ukrainian city Bachmut was renamed in 1924 in Artemivsk.
• 1924 Founded in Primorye Artem was called.
• 1939 Olchowski place in the Krasnoyarsk region was renamed Artyomovsk.
• In a number of cities in Russia and Ukraine still wear streets, squares and public buildings his name. Similarly, a large number of monuments to Artyom was erected.