Gastrochilus

Gastrochilus Bellinus

Gastrochilus is a plant genus of the orchid family ( Orchidaceae). The genus was erected in 1825 by the British botanist David Don based on Tower of the Winds calceolaris Sm and includes about 54 species.

Dissemination

The distribution of the genus Gastrochilus covers a large part of the tropical and subtropical climates of Asia. It extends from the western Garhwal Himalayas southward over Deccan in India to Sri Lanka, east to southern China, the Philippines and north to southern Japan, with the southern Honshu as the northern boundary propagation. The distribution areas of the individual sections are shown on the map.

Morphology

Habit

All species of this genus are perennial epiphytes, which grow along the edges of forests on trunks or on higher branches in semi -shaded position. The size and growth form are essential taxonomic significance for the delimitation of species within the genus. For example, the species of the section Caespitosi relatively small, dwarf -like and, whereas species of the section of upright habit Microphyllae have a creeping or hanging growth habit.

Strain

The differences in the shape of the growing monopodial shoot axis fall into this genre to special and can also be used for the delineation of species. At present, the species of the genus Gastrochilus be divided into three sections, due to their base.

  • Section Caespitosi Z.H. Tsi

The root of the species of this section is always short, thin and upright. As examples may be mentioned here rantabunensis Gastrochilus xuanenensis and Gastrochilus.

  • Section Microphyllae Bentham & Hook.f

The species of this section are characterized by elongated, thin, stretched - root comprehensive or coherent, sometimes branched stems. Examples are: Gastrochilus affinis, Gastrochilus pseudodistichus, Gastrochilus formosanus and Gastrochilus saccatus.

  • Section Gastrochilus

All species have a relatively thick trunk of different lengths. The strains of Gastrochilus acutifolius and Gastrochilus yunnanensis are about 20-30 cm long, whereas the are of Gastrochilus obliquus, Gastrochilus pechei and Gastrochilus hainanensis always short and only about 1 cm long usually.

The shape and length of the leaves are in taxonomic terms often useful properties to the species can narrow down to section- or species level. The leaf tips may vary the form of fully sharpened to a bilobed (English bilobate ). The shape of the leaves, however, remains unchanged within a species.

The species G. calceolaris, G. obliquus, G. acaulis, G. flabelliformis, G. hainanensis, G. and G. Bellinus pechei show bilobed leaf tips, the tabs are of different sizes. G. pechei, G. linearifolius, G. and G. yunnanensis formosanus pointed or tapered ends have sheet. In some species, the color of the leaves can be decisive. This is especially true for the section Microphyllae to. Thus, the upper and lower sides of Gastrochilus matsuran, Gastrochilus toramanus and Gastrochilus nanus are often red - purple polka dots and reddish along the leaf margins of young leaves. However, these characteristics seem difficult in use for the delimitation of species within the genus.

Flowers

The inflorescence of a large portion of the types of Gastrochilus is characterized by a compressed inflorescence axis. Usually the flowers are arranged in umbrella grapes ( Corymbus ) or in a hanging down umbel. However, in addition to G. platycalcaratus from Burma and southern Yunnan additional species from the Philippines and Indonesia are quite clearly racemes.

The petals are not fused together. The lip is deformed in its lower part with the column. The middle part is bowl-shaped - hence the genus name: from Greek " gaster ", " belly" and " cheilos ", " lip ", composed about " bulbous lips". The front portion of the lip is often fringed. The stamen contains two porate pollinia.

Species

The following species are considered by the Kew Gardens as valid and is broken down into the sections above:

  • Section Gastrochilus Gastrochilus acaulis ( Lindl. ) Kuntze
  • Gastrochilus acutifolius ( Lindl. ) Kuntze
  • Gastrochilus arunachalensis A.N.Rao
  • Gastrochilus Bellinus ( Rchb.f. ) Kuntze
  • Gastrochilus brevifimbriatus S. R. Yi
  • Gastrochilus carnosus Z.H. Tsi
  • Gastrochilus dasypogon ( Sm ) Kuntze
  • Gastrochilus flabelliformis ( Blatt. & McCann ) CJ Saldanha
  • Gastrochilus garhwalensis Z.H. Tsi
  • Gastrochilus guangtungensis Z.H. Tsi
  • Gastrochilus inconspicuus ( Hook.f. ) Kuntze
  • Gastrochilus intermedius ( Griff. ex Lindl. ) Kuntze
  • Gastrochilus japonicus ( Makino ) Schltr.
  • Gastrochilus hainanensis Z.H. Tsi
  • Gastrochilus linearifolius Z.H.Tsi & Garay
  • Gastrochilus malipoensis X.H.Jin & S.C.Chen
  • Gastrochilus obliquus ( Lindl. ) Kuntze
  • Gastrochilus patinatus ( Ridl. ) Schltr.
  • Gastrochilus pechei ( Rchb.f. ) Kuntze
  • Gastrochilus platycalcaratus ( Rolfe ) Schltr.
  • Gastrochilus puncticulatus Cavestro
  • Gastrochilus rutilans Seidenf.
  • Gastrochilus simplicilabius Aver.
  • Gastrochilus sororius Schltr.
  • Gastrochilus subpapillosus Z.H. Tsi
  • Gastrochilus sumatranus J. J. Sm
  • Gastrochilus sutepensis ( Rolfe ex Downie ) Seidenf. & Smitinand
  • Gastrochilus yunnanensis Schltr.
  • Section Microphyllae Bentham & Hook.f Gastrochilus acinacifolius Z.H.Tsi
  • Gastrochilus affinis ( King & Pantl. ) Schltr.
  • Gastrochilus alatus X.H.Jin & S.C.Chen
  • Gastrochilus ciliaris Maek.
  • Gastrochilus corymbosus A. P. The & Chanda
  • Gastrochilus distichus ( Lindl. ) Kuntze
  • Gastrochilus fargesii ( Kraenzl. ) Schltr.
  • Gastrochilus formosanus ( Hayata ) Hayata
  • Gastrochilus fuscopunctatus ( Hayata ) Hayata
  • Gastrochilus gongshanensis Z.H. Tsi
  • Gastrochilus HOII T.P. Lin
  • Gastrochilus matsudae Hayata
  • Gastrochilus matsuran ( Makino ) Schltr.
  • Gastrochilus minutiflorus Aver.
  • Gastrochilus nanchuanensis Z.H. Tsi
  • Gastrochilus nanus Z.H. Tsi
  • Gastrochilus raraensis Fukuy.
  • Gastrochilus pseudodistichus ( King & Pantl. ) Schltr.
  • Gastrochilus saccatus Z.H. Tsi
  • Gastrochilus sinensis Z.H. Tsi
  • Gastrochilus sonamii Lucksom
  • Gastrochilus toramanus ( Makino ) Schltr.
  • Section Caespitosi Z.H. Tsi Gastrochilus rantabunensis C. Chow ex T.P. Lin
  • Gastrochilus sessanicus A.N. Rao
  • Gastrochilus sukhakulii Seidenf.
  • Gastrochilus xuanenensis Z.H. Tsi

Inter Generic hybrids

The following intergeneric hybrids with Gastrochilus be listed in the Royal Horticultural Society

  • × Gastisia ( Gastrochilus × Luisia )
  • × Gastisocalpa ( Gastrochilus × × Luisia Pomatocalpa )
  • × Gastrochiloglottis ( Gastrochilus × Trichoglottis )
  • × Gastrosarcochilus ( Gastrochilus × Sarcochilus )
  • × gastrostomy ( Gastrochilus × Cleisostoma )
  • × Gastro Thera ( Gastrochilus × Renanthera )
  • × Pelachilus ( Gastrochilus × Pelatantheria )

Documents

The information in this article come primarily of:

  • ZH Tsi: A preliminary revision of Gastrochilus ( Orchidaceae). In: Guihaia 1996, 16 (2 ), pp. 123-154
  • G. Silk Thread: Orchid genera in Thailand XIV, Copenhagen 1988 ( = Opera Botanica No. 95. )
  • G. Silk Thread: The orchids of Indochina. ( = Opera Botanica No.. 114 ), Copenhagen 1992

Moreover, quoting:

Postgraduate

  • List of Orchid Genera
  • Orchids
  • Orchidaceae
Epidendroideae James Edward Smith Range (biology) Perennial plant George Bentham Joseph Dalton Hooker Labellum (botany) Pollinium List of natural Orchidaceae genera
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