Globularia
Nacktstängelige ball flower ( Globularia nudicaulis )
The ball flowers ( Globularia ) constitute a genus within the family of the plantain family ( Plantaginaceae ). The genus was formerly assigned to its own family Globulariaceae. The botanical genus name derives from the Latin word globulus for " small ball " and refers to the shape of the inflorescences. The approximately 22 to 30 different species have large areas mainly in the Mediterranean region to Central Europe and Asia Minor, and the southern limit occur in some species of Macaronesia.
- 4.1 Literature
- 4.2 Notes and references
Description
They are mostly evergreen, perennial, herbaceous plants, dwarf shrubs rarely. The leaves are simple and entire.
The inflorescences are globose ( hence the name). The hermaphrodite flowers are zygomorphic and most fünfzählig. The five blue petals are fused into a tube, which ends two-lipped. The four stamens and style protruding significantly out of the corolla tube. Two carpels are fused into a superior ovaries.
Ingredients
Ball flowers contain the chemically unexplored Globularin glycoside, which is responsible for toxic side effects.
Other ingredients are cinnamic acid, mannitol and aucubin.
Systematics and distribution
Ball flowers are distributed from the Canary Islands across Europe, North Africa, the Near East to Somalia.
In Central Europe it may be three types (see also species below) encounter: Real flower ball, flower ball Ordinary ( Globularia punctata ) and the two alpine plants Nodding Pincushion flower ball ( Globularia cordifolia ), Nacktstängelige ball flower ( Globularia nudicaulis ).
The first publication of the genus name Globularia was in 1753 by Linnaeus in Species Plantarum. A synonym for Globularia L. Lytanthus Wettst.
Types (selection)
- Shrubby ball flower ( Globularia alypum L.): History is the Mediterranean, for example, Spain, France, Italy, Greece, Crete, Tunisia.
- Globularia anatolica A.Duran: 2009 A newly described species; it is endemic in the southwestern Anatolia.
- Globularia arabica Jaub. & Spach: home is Southwest Asia.
- Globularia ascanii Bramwell & Kunkel: It is an endangered species endemic to the Canary Islands only in a small area in the northwestern Gran Canaria in Tamadaba Massif.
- Globularia bellidifolia ( Ten. ) Hayek: It is native to the southeastern Alps.
- Nodding Pincushion ball flower, alpine flower ball ( Globularia cordifolia L.): It is a mountain plant of the Pyrenees, the Alps, the Apennines, the Balkans and the Carpathians.
- Globularia davisiana O. Black: The home is Turkey.
- Globularia dumulosa O. Black: The home is Turkey.
- Globularia × fuxeensis Giraud. (G. nudicaulis × G. repens; Syn: Globularia gracilis Rouy & JARicht. )
- Globularia greuteri M. A. Mateos & Valdés: A 2006 newly described species; it is endemic in the Rif mountains in Morocco.
- Globularia hedgei H. Duman: A 2008 newly described species from southern Anatolia.
- Globularia incanescens Viv. It is a mountain plant of the Northern Apennines and the Apulian Alps.
- Globularia liouvillei Jahand. & Maire: It is endemic to the High Atlas in Morocco.
- Mallorca- ball flower ( Globularia majoricensis Gand; Syn: .. Globularia cambessedesii Willk ): It is endemic to the Balearic Islands.
- Southern Kugelblume ( Globularia meridionalis ( podp. ) O. Schwarz ): It occurs in Italy, Austria, Albania, Serbia, Croatia, Greece and Bulgaria.
- Globularia nainii Batt. The home is Morocco.
- Globularia O. neapolitana Black: The home is Italy.
- Nacktstängelige ball flower, Nodding ball flower, stem flower ball ( Globularia nudicaulis L.): It is a mountain plant of the Pyrenees, the Alps, the Apennines and the Western Balkans.
- Globularia orientalis L.: The home is Turkey, Lebanon and Syria.
- Real ball flower, Ordinary ball flower ( Picot de Lapeyrouse Globularia punctata, Syn: Globularia bisnagarica L., G. elongata Hegetschweiler, Globularia willkommii CFNyman ): Its distribution area is central and southern Europe and the Caucasus.
- Crawling ball flower ( Globularia repens Lam. ): Its distribution area is the south-western Europe, especially in the south-western Alps, Spain, France and Italy.
- Willow -like ball flower ( Globularia salicina Lam. ): Home are the Canary Islands.
- Globularia sarcophylla Svent. Macaronesia is home to Madeira and the Canary Islands.
- Globularia sintenisii Hausskn. & Wettst. It occurs in Turkey.
- Thorny Flower ball ( Globularia spinosa L.), occurs only in southeast Spain.
- Greek Ball Flower ( Globularia stygia Orph. Ex Boiss. ), Comes only in Greece in the Peloponnese.
- Behaartblütige ball flower ( Globularia trichosantha Fish & CAMey. . ): Home is Turkey, Syria, Armenia, Georgia, Crimea (Ukraine ) and Bulgaria.
- Swedish ball flower ( Globularia vulgaris L.; including Globularia valentina Willk. ): Home is Sweden, eastern Spain and southern France.