Gniewino
Gniewino ( German Gnewin, Kashubian Gniewino ) is a village with a seat of a rural community in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship and is part of the powiat Wejherowski (Kreis Neustadt, West Prussia ).
- 3.1 General
- 3.2 Municipality arrangement
- 3.3 traffic 3.3.1 roads
- 3.3.2 rails
- 4.1 Literature
- 4.2 External links
- 4.3 footnotes
Geographical location
The Kaschubendorf Gniewino located 20 kilometers from the Baltic Sea coast in the center of a network of secondary roads that open up today western Wejherowski powiat (district Neustadt in West Prussia ) and formerly the eastern district of Lauenburg in Pomerania. The county town of Wejherowo is 15 kilometers away. A rail link no longer exists.
Village Gniewino ( Gnewin )
History
Gnewin - in ancient times also United Gnewin ( Grote Gnewin ) called - was probably originally a Pirchsches good and belonged to the Cistercian monastery in 1474 Zarnowitz (now Polish: Żarnowiec ), which soon sold it to Klaus von Weiher. In 1700 the estate was (also called small Gnewin ) to the Jatzkows of which Erbherren of Gnewin and Gnewinki. In 1756 they were among the Majoratsgütern the Lord of Rexin.
The owner of Max Pirch - Wobensin made in 1930/31 ownership split at 1129 acres and 67 points.
By 1945 Gnewin belonged to the district of Lauenburg in Pomerania in the district of the Prussian province of Pomerania Pomerania. The place made an administrative district to which the municipalities Bychow (now Polish: Bychowo ) Enzow ( Jęczewo ), United Perlin ( Perlino ), Small Perlin ( Perlinko ) Lissow ( Lisewo ), included Mersin ( Mierzyno ) and Tadden ( Tadzino ). Gnewin was also the seat of a civil registry office. The local court was in Lauenburg ( Lębork ).
In 1910 408 residents were registered here. Their number increased to 1933 to 864 in 1939 and was already 914
Now Gniewino - called - place to powiat Wejherowski in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship ( to 1998 Voivodeship Danzig) After 1945 came. He is now part and the official residence of Gmina Gniewino. In the village of Gniewino now live 1,710 inhabitants.
Church
Village Church
When Gnewiner church is a brick shell formed in 1890. The original church burned down in the early 17th century. Since 1945 has been the most evangelical church property of the Catholic Church, which earned him the name of the Św. Józef Robotnik has given.
Parish
The parish Gnewin originated in pre-Reformation period. With the Reformation here held the Lutheran doctrine feeder. In 1570, the first Protestant church visitation took place, which had carried out the Pomeranian duke Johann Friedrich.
The parish Gnewin before 1945 was very large area, it counted but twelve eingepfarrte localities: Burgdorf (now Polish: Toliszczek ) Bychow ( Bychowo ) Friedrichsrode ( Strzebielinko ) Gnewinke ( Gniewinko ), United Perlin ( Perlino ), Small Perlin ( Perlinko ), Kolkau ( Kolkowo ) Lissow ( Lisewo ), Mersin ( Mierzyno ) Nadolle ( Nadole ) Oppalin ( Opalino ) Rauschendorf ( Czymanowo ) and Tadden ( Tadzino ).
The Protestant parish church belonged to the Lauenburg county in Pomerania ( Lębork ) in the ecclesiastical province of the Church of the Old Prussian Pomerania Union. It was one of 2,061 members of the congregation in 1940.
The numerically very few Catholic church members were cared for by the parish Tillau ( Tyłowo ).
This changed significantly after 1945. By flight and expulsion of Germans and resettlement of Poland belonged to the majority of the population living here now with the Catholic Church. In Gniewino own parish was built in 1977, also was seat of a deanery, which since 1992 belongs to the diocese Pelplin of the Catholic Church in Poland.
Here now living evangelical church members are the distant parish Church of the Cross Parish in Slupsk ( Stolp ) in the Diocese of Pomerania - Greater Poland the Evangelical-Augsburg Church in Poland assigned whose closest sermon site is in Lębork ( Lauenburg ).
Pastor from 1535 to 1945
Since the Reformation to the end of World War II officiated in Gnewin 21 Protestant clergymen:
Deanery Gniewino
Gniewino is now home to one of the 30 deaneries of the diocese newly formed Pelplin of the Catholic Church in Poland. For deanery district consists of the nine parishes: Białogóra ( Wittenberg), Bozepole Wielkie ( United Boschpol ) Brzeżno Leborskie ( Bresin ) Choczewo ( until 1937 Chottschow, 1938-1945 Gotendorf ) Gniewino ( Gnewin ) Kostkowo ( Althammer ) Łęczyce ( Lanz ), Wierzchucino ( Wierschutzin ) and Zwartowo ( Schwartow ).
Gmina Gniewino
General
The Gmina Gniewino is a rural community situated in the northwest of the Kashubian region. It covers an area of 176.21 km ², which corresponds to 13.74 % of the total area of the powiat Wejherowski (Kreis Neustadt, West Prussia ). Here are registered 7,000 inhabitants.
The scenic view of the Gmina characterize several large lakes such as Jezioro Żarnowieckie ( Żarnowieckie sea) in the north-eastern boundary and the Jezioro Salińskie ( Sauliner lake ), the Jezioro Czarne ( Black Lake ) and the Jezioro Dąbrze (small Damerkower Lake ) to the west and southwest of the community. At the southern edge of the Reda ( Rheda ) flows through the municipal area towards their goal of mouth in Zatoka of Puck ( Puck Bay ).
The entire East ( with the exception of the place Nadole ( Nadolle ) ) and partly also the southern boundary of Gmina Gniewino corresponds to the former border between the Prussian provinces of Pomerania and West Prussia, which was 1919-1939 German -Polish border of the Polish Corridor.
Neighboring communities of Gmina Gniewino are:
- In powiat Wejherowski: Choczewo ( until 1937 Chottschow, 1938-1945 Gotendorf ) Łęczyce ( Lanz ), Luzino ( Lusin, 1942/1943 Freienau, 1943-1945 Lintzau ) and Wejherowo,
- In Pucki powiat ( county Puck ): Krokowa ( Krockow ).
Community structure
To Gmina Gniewino includes 31 villages, the eleven districts ( " Schulz offices " ) are associated with:
- Districts:
- Bychowo ( Bychow )
- Chynowie ( Chinow )
- Czymanowo ( Rauschendorf )
- Gniewino ( Gnewin )
- Kostkowo ( Althammer )
- Lisewo ( Lissow )
- Mierzynko ( Mersinke )
- Mierzyno ( Mersin )
- Nadole ( Nadolle )
- Perlino ( Perlin )
- Rybno ( instincts )
- Other localities: Alpy, Bychówko (Lower Mill), Chynowiec (fire Werder ), Dąbrówka (small Damerkow ) Dębina ( Rexinhof ) Gniewinko ( Gnewinke ) Jęczewo ( Enzow ) Łęczyn Dolny (Lower Bismark ), Nowy Młot ( Neuhammer ) Opalino ( Oppalin ) Perlinko (small Perlin ), Płaczewo ( Platschow ) Rybienko, Salinko ( Saulinke ) Salino ( Saulin ) Słuszewo ( Schluschow ) Strzebielinek, Strzebielinko ( Friedrichsrode ) Tadzino ( Tadden ) and Toliszczek ( Burgdorf ).
The village Kolkowo ( Kolkau ) is no longer existent.
Traffic
The municipality Gniewino is accessible only by smaller but very numerous side streets and many land routes.
Rails
Up to the year 2001 ( passenger ) and 2004 ( freight) the territory of the municipality Gniewino was connected to the railway network.
In 1902 built the light railway Neustadt - Prüssau the route of Neustadt in West Prussia (now Polish: Wejherowo ) on instincts ( Rybno ) to Prüssau ( Prusewo ) in 1905 further to Chottschow ( 1938-1945 Gotendorf, today Choczewo ), and in 1910 was the extension of the line through the small railway Chottschow - Garzigar after Garzigar ( Garczegorze ) on the railway line Lauenburg ( Lębork ) - Leba ( Leba ).
At this small railway were in the area of today's Gmina Gniewino the train stations: -instincts ( Rybno ) Schluschow ( Słuszewo ) Lissow ( Lisewo ) Kolkau - Gnewin ( Gniewino ) Friedrichsrode ( Strzebielinko ) and Burgdorf- Bychow ( Toliszczek ).
Between 1919 and 1939, railway operations was due to the demarcation of the Polish Corridor between Gohra ( 1939-1945 Gap, today Polish: Zamostne ) and instincts ( Rybno ) interrupted.
" Kashubian eye"
To the east of the municipality Gniewino is the " Kashubian eye" ( Kaszubskie Oko ), a leisure center with mini golf and children's playground and - 113 meters - an observation tower, the visitor platform 36 meters high ( 44 meters total height). A staircase spiral with 212 steps leads to the top. The facility was opened in September 2006.
Pumped storage power plant
On the south bank of the Jezioro Żarnowieckie ( Żarnowieckie lake ) is the 1976 built until 1983 pumped storage power plant Żarnowiec ( Elektrownia Wodny Żarnowiec ). It has a pumping capacity of 800 MW and a turbine capacity of 716 MW. A few kilometers away is the unfinished nuclear power plant Żarnowiec ( Elektrownia Jądrowa Żarnowiec ).
Partnership
The Gmina Gniewino maintains a partnership with the town of Malchow in Mecklenburg -Vorpommern ( Germany ).