Gunta Stölzl

Gunta Stölzl ( born March 5, 1897 in Munich as Adelgunde Stölzl, † April 22, 1983 in Männedorf, Switzerland ) was a weaver and textile designer. It is regarded as the innovator Handwebkunst and was the first champion at the Bauhaus. Her work has been shown in solo exhibitions and are part of international art collections.

Life

Gunta Stölzl was the daughter of the teacher and school headmaster Franz Seraph Stölzl and Kreszenz fallers. Her father was friends with the education reformers Georg Kerschensteinerschule. Her brother Erwin was a lawyer. After completion of the Higher School for Girls in Munich Stölzl joined in 1914 in the School of Applied Arts in Munich. 1917-1918 she served as a Red Cross nurse on the Isonzo front in what is now Slovenia and on the Western Front in France. After returning, she was accepted in 1919 at the Bauhaus in Weimar, where they 1922/1923 journeyman took off and contributed along with other students founded the " woman class." In 1924 Stölzl for Johannes Itten in Herrliberg the Ontos workshops for hand weaving a. She was working master of weaving workshop at the Bauhaus Dessau ( 1925), which she headed as solely responsible young champion since 1927. Following a joint trip to Moscow at the 1928 Bauhaus student peer Bücking attended, she married the architect Arieh Sharon, 1929. Gunta Stölzl 1931 saw himself due to political and Bauhaus internal conflicts forced to withdraw from their site. Your German citizenship they had lost with the marriage. After emigrating to Switzerland, she founded the Bauhaus graduates Gertrud Preiswerk and Heinrich Otto Hürlimann in the same year in Zurich, manual weaving SPH- substances. In 1936 their marriage was with Sharon. Stölzl guided her weaving workshop continues, now at the Flora Street in Zurich -Seefeld. She married in 1942 with the writer and journalist Willy Stadler, with whom she moved into a terraced house of the friendly architect Elsa Burckhardt - Blum in Küsnacht. Become her marriage to a Swiss citizen, she looked after the closing of the hand weaving Flora in 1967 continues as a textile artist.

Work

Gunta Stölzl was at the Bauhaus " the most significant weaver who took the path of weaving from the pictorial single to modern industrial design with and influenced ." The special issue of the journal Bauhaus, which was dedicated to her at her departure from the Bauhaus, noted: "The fact that we speak of bauhaus materials is their merit ."

Training and production of the weaving workshop were directed to the production of textiles for the new interior. It originated Möbelspannsstoffe, fabrics for pillows, or clothing, wall hangings and rugs. Their colors and patterns corresponded to the characteristic Bauhaus style, which was characterized by the confrontation with Johannes Itten, Paul Klee and Wassily Kandinsky. From the time at the Bauhaus in Weimar manufactured by Stölzl carpets, wall hangings, Pile carpets and curtains as drafts in original design or as Nachwebungen are obtained. Gunta Stölzl In Dessau led in she directs the weaving workshop, a the area of industrial design. Her teaching program for the weaving of 1931 provided the basis for the introduction of new, functional textiles. Their production presented a counter-proposal to the reinforced and aesthetic principles appropriate program of the Weimar workshop Represents the concept of combining functionality and aesthetic appeal of textiles also acted in her Zurich production further by the hand weaving SPH- substances in large number of high quality use substances produced. These were shown, among others, the Swiss National Exhibition of 1939.

Gunta Stölzl made ​​since 1967 in her studio exclusively to his own design free designed tapestries. In these she wove different materials, such as yarn, raffia, knotted stones and glass beads. In some densely woven tapestries games are broken with slots. Characteristic are the mutually adjoining areas of color which take geometric and natural shapes, and fit together in the overall view of landscapes or plant structures.

Solo Exhibitions

In Germany and Switzerland so far following solo exhibitions were shown:

• Gunta Stölzl of tapestries. Zurich, Lyceumclub, 1970.
• Gunta Stölzl of tapestries. Zurich, St. Paul Academy
• Gunta Stölzl - Stadler - tapestries and designs 1921-1976, Bauhaus Archive Berlin, 1976.
• Gunta Stölzl - tapestries. Stuttgart, Galerie Lutz, 1977.
• Gunta Stölzl - Stadler - tapestries. Zurich, St. Paul Academy, 1980.
• Gunta Stölzl - Weaving at the Bauhaus and from our own workshop. Traveling exhibition, Bauhaus - Archiv Berlin, 1987.
• Bad Sackingen, Villa Berberich, 1988.

Museums

Gunta Stölzl works are part of international art collections:

• Museum of Modern Art, New York
• Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York
• Busch- Reisinger Museum, Harvard University
• The J. Paul Getty Museum, Malibu, California
• Detroit Institute of Arts, Detroit, Michigan
• Misawa Homes' Bauhaus Collection, Tokyo
• Victoria and Albert Museum, London
• Art collections to Weimar
• Bauhaus Dessau Foundation
• Bauhaus Archive - Museum of Design, Berlin
• New Collection in Munich
• Museum of Art and Cultural History of the Hanseatic City of Lübeck
• State Gallery of Stuttgart
• Museum of Design, Basel
• Basler Kunstverein
• Museum of Design, Zurich
• Canton of Zurich and the Swiss Confederation

Writings

Gunta Stölzl wrote several works on the Bauhaus weaving and the Bauhaus, which are partly rare evidence of its early days, as well as a tribute to Paul Klee. Her unpublished writings include the diaries of the years 1915-1917, 1917-1919, 1919-1920. , Children and travel records from 1929 to 1946 1928 to 1946. In addition, transcripts of visited her lectures at the Munich School of Applied Arts and the Bauhaus were preserved, as well as records of the technique of loom system, the educational program of the weaving and the Webunterricht own. Her extensive correspondence with relatives, friends and fellow artists is previously unreleased.

Gunta Stölzl literature on

• Monika Stadler and Yael Aloni (ed.): Gunta Stölzl: Bauhaus Master. Ostfildern 2009.
• Gunta Stölzl: Where wool, there's a woman. In: The World, 90 Years Bauhaus, special issue on 19 July 2009, p 9
• Woven Images and Gebrauchssstoffe. The Gunta Stölzl textile artist in Dessau. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung, December 13, 1997, p 45
• C. Schwartz: Women with warp and weft. A Berlin exhibition about the textile workshop at the Bauhaus. In: Neue Zürcher Zeitung, December 14, 1998, p 28
• Stiftung Bauhaus Dessau ( ed.): Gunta Stölzl: Master at Bauhaus Dessau: textiles, textile designs and free work from 1915 to 1983. Text by Ingrid Radewaldt, Monika Stadler et al Ostfildern 1997.
• Sigrid Wortmann Weltge: Bauhaus Textiles: Art and Artists in the weaving workshop. Schaffhausen 1993.
• Magdalena Droste (eds.): Gunta Stölzl - Weaving at the Bauhaus and from our own workshop. Exhibition catalog. Berlin 1987.
• Bauhaus-Archiv, Museum für Gestaltung (ed.), Magdalena Droste, Jeannine Fiedler ( editors ): Bauhaus experiment: the Bauhaus Archive, Berlin ( West), a guest at the Bauhaus Dessau. Berlin 1988.