Hainleite

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The Hainleite is up to 463.2 m above sea level. NHN high, about 210 km ² large and widely forested limestone - ridge in the districts Kyffhaeuser, Nordhausen and Sömmerda in the north of Thuringia ( Germany ). It represents the north-eastern part of the North-Western edge plate of the Thuringian Basin

Geography

Location

The Hainleite extends mostly in Kyffhauserkreis, its northwestern part, however, lies in the district of Nordhausen and a corner in the middle of the small eastern part of the county Sömmerda. She pulls a wedge-shaped narrowing after east-southeast, their steep, about 40 km long north ( northeast) edge is of gradually approaching the valley of the Wipper of Wipperdorf northeast Bleicherodes ( Landkreis Nordhausen ) about Sondershausen to Seega flanked where the river in Wipper breakthrough pierces the ridge and a small eastern part is separated, which runs up to the door of the Thuringian Unstrut at Oldisleben.

Beyond the weakly sloping southern flank and already in the Thuringian basin are Kindelbrueck ( district Sömmerda ) in the east and in the west Ebeleben.

Differentiation from fertilization

Fertilizer and Hainleite go into ridges of comparatively flow into one another, while the southern boundary line runs orographic clearly.

The mean Helbetal the Helbe from its northernmost point southeast to north Wiedermuth Ebelebens forms a relatively sharp boundary to the southern West fertilizers.

To the north it borders slightly blurred; from north to south, the normally solid limit of Großlohra extends to the Helbe as follows:

• Renkgraben with L 1016
• Wurzelweg (L 1033 )
• Cold valley
• Martin Grund

This demarcation corresponds in particular the names of protected areas; so runs along the root path and the Renkgrabentals the border of nature reserve fertilizer Helbetal a nature reserve in Western Hainleite. They also correspond to the names on maps and also correlates with the entry of bets castle as the highest elevation of the Hainleite in standard reference works. The saddle between two mountain ranges is hereafter to just 410 m to the root path.

It should however be noted that the further east already clearly located within the valleys of the Hainleite Bebra represent (from the south in the direction of Special Hausen ) and especially the Wipper ( Wipper breakdown of Seega southbound ) significantly more prominent crest incisions.

Alternative boundaries of the Katzenstein

In the 200 m deeper places to Sollstedt is commonly usually of almost 90 ° captivating north-eastern bend of the Escarpment on Katzenstein ( one mile south-southeast Sollstedts ) as the interface of fertilizer ( ridge line to the north ) and Hainleite ( ridge line to the east ) considered. Its most obvious extension to the northernmost point of Helbe would follow to the southeast of the northeastern boundary of Helbedündorf ( Kyffhauserkreis ) to the district of Nordhausen, which runs along a Nebentals the Helbe.

After this boundary line the Cat Castle would be the south Obergebras with 476.8 m highest point of Hainleite, which is only about 20 m Vertical separation ( col, approximately 457 m) and 3 km dominance over the war mountain ( 485 m, south-west ) would have to have, however, during the dominance of centrally located in the western part of the Hainleite betting castle is as high as 9 km at about 53 m Vertical separation.

Adjacent Landscapes

North of the Hainleite is beyond the Wipper the ridge Windleite and northeast side of the brooks Small Wipper and Solgraben the Kyffhaeuser Mountains. Northeast is located in the Valley of the Wipper between Bad Frankenhausen and situated on the Unstrut Artern the Diamond Pasture. In the east-southeast is - beyond the Thuringian Gate, a small gorge cut the Unstrut at Oldisleben (north) and the district of Saxony castle (south) - the decorations with the High -cricket located northeast of it. In southern directions the landscape falls in the Thuringian basin from the rivers Helbe and Unstrut and in the west the Hainleite goes into ridges of seamlessly into the fertilizer.

Structure

The Hainleite is divided by a Talung in the comb area and a gorge cut into three segments:

• Western Hainleite (105 km ² to 463 m) Bebratal of Bebra ( the saddle when Hohenebra station just over 300 m)

• Wipper breakdown ( Wipper to 160 m)

• Eastern Hainleite (20 km ² to 391 m) Thuringian Gate ( Unstrut to 120 m)

The interface to the fertilizer reaches the crest region saddle layers of well 410 m and turns out there were significantly higher than the saddle south of Talung of Bebra, the brook upstream stretches from Sondershausen to the south and is accompanied by the Nordhausen - Erfurt railway and eventually extended. Along the railway line in the shell is completely broken by loess and Lössderivate.

The canyon-like Wipperdurchbruchstal even provides a completely independent natural space dar. Geologically it has similarity with the Creuzburg Werra Werra breakdown of Creuzburg, which also breaks through the shell of the North-Western edge plate of the Thuringian Basin.

Mountains

The Hainleite increases from ( North West ) west to ( Ostsüd ) east of average height from. In the three segments (see above), the mountains and peaks are distributed as follows:

• Western Hainleite Betting castle ( 463.2 m), between Straußberg (NE) and Immenrode (S ), Kyffhauserkreis Silent Woods ( 445.5 m) - Ostsüdostausläufer

• Castle Lohra ( North Extension )

• Wolfshof ( 441.6 m), southeast Special Stockhausen, Kyffhauserkreis Antics ( 431.5 m), west-northwest foothills

• Spade Mountain ( 366.1 m) - Northeast foothills

• Nameless mountain ( 390.6 m ) north-northwest Bilzingsleben - chaff, County Sömmerda
• Parish head ( 309.0 m), north Günserodes, Kyffhauserkreis
• Watchman mountain ( 302.7 m), with near Upper Saxony castle, northwest Oldisleben Saxony - Petersburg, Kyffhauserkreis
• Filsberg ( 319.5 m), northern witnesses mountain with NSG; west Hachelbichs, Kyffhauserkreis

Geology

In the area of ​​Nordostabdachung the Hainleite the near-surface geological subsoil is formed by the layer sequence of limestones of the Lower Muschelkalk. This compact package is on the softer morphologically, including bearing clays and marls Roets ( Upper Buntsandstein ) of a distinctive Escarpment. While the Escarpment in the area of the Lower Muschelkalk cancels partly vertically and with different levels of rock fronts, the base of the rocks of the Röt is flatter pronounced and leads gently into the yellow sandstones of the Middle Buntsandstein and Auelehmen lowland Wipper. In the south is done usually a less prominent transition to the plateau formed by the rocks of the Upper Muschelkalk. The escarpment of the Upper Muschelkalk is possibly south of Straußberg clearly seen.

The rocks of the Muschelkalk are permeable to water due to their strong fracturing and their solubility and karstified. Seepage of precipitation flows mostly from underground quickly. Along the northern steep front of Hainleite cumulus horizons train at the layer boundary between the lower Muschelkalk and Röt. The plateau of the Hainleite is a karst area. The Valley of Helbe example is in the range of the Muschelkalk reasons mentioned above dry most of the year. The upper reaches of the Helbe can therefore be considered with length of 20 km as the longest dry valley in Germany. In the area of the Upper Muschelkalk sinkholes are common. Their formation is due to the Einstürz existing underground cavities in the rock. The cave formation is often related with faster soluble gypsum lenses in the Middle Muschelkalk.

Typical of the northern slope of slope slides are whole layer packets of the Lower Muschelkalk, called Schollenrutschungen. At the edge of the Hainleite it may come to the formation of rift caves through this process. In places, also rocks are thus created, such as the mountain in smoke Straußberg.

North of the ridge falls relatively steeply to the valley of the Wipper (approx. 200-163 m ), which opens into Saxony castle in the Unstrut, and south to the Erfurt Plain (part of the Thuringian Basin ) relatively flat from.

Vegetation

The potential natural vegetation is formed of wood barley and woodruff-beech forests. On the hillside edge over small areas of orchids and Yew beech forests are formed. Are in the talus fields, also in small areas marked sycamore and ash scree and steep slope forests. On the rocks fronts the vegetation gives way to dry scrub and scree sometimes in forest-free bluegrass Halden. In the area of the Upper Muschelkalk waterlogged clay soils are often developed that favor the oak. The ground vegetation is there frequently formed by the Rasenschmiele.

Reserves

A larger part of the Hainleite situated within the conservation area Hainleite ( 8676 acres, Erstausweisung 1970), the east on Sharp Mountain (250 m) to ranges just above the Unstrut. It completely contains the located in the Hainleite part of the overall total of 7548 ha, congruent in many parts bird sanctuary Hainleite - Western decorations.

In addition to various habitat areas it contains the following protected areas:

• NSG Wipper breakthrough (631 ha, 1961) at Seega
• NSG Bald Mountain - Cow Mountain (204 ha, 1999) south Göllingens
• NSG Filsberg - Large Loh (two-part, 93 acres, 1999) southwest Hachelbichs
• NSG Wartenberg (82 ha, 1961) west Oldislebens, red sandstone Northern Slope

In the extreme northwest of the Hainleite are within the FFH and bird sanctuary Western Hainleite - Wöbelsburg ( 1170 ha):

• NSG Western Hainleite (941 ha, 2004) southeast United Lohras
• NSG Wöbelsburg (65 ha, 1961), immediately to the west then

On the south-east are:

• NSG Hotze Berg ( 85 ha, 1961) southwest shear mountain at the interface to Helbetal
• NSG Himmelberg (68 ha, 1961) west sky mountain in Helbetal

Economy and Tourism

The Hainleite is mainly used for forestry because of the good forest cover.

But tourism also plays an important role. Attractions are:

• Recreation center Teichtal at Hainrode
• The city Sondershausen with lock Sondershausen and recreation center with a historic hunting lodge antics Poss Tower (highest truss tower in Germany ) and a cottage settlement
• Adventure Park Straußberg inter alia with monkey forest and summer toboggan run
• The spa town of Bad Frankenhausen near the Kyffhäuserdenkmal
• Upper and Lower Saxony castle at Oldisleben - Saxon castle
• The Straußberg castle in the district Straußberg ( Sondershausen )
• Lohra the hill above Großlohra

Hiking

To the county seat Sondershausen there are over 30 hiking trails. Nationally known are the following three paths leading from west to east some long stretches over the crest of the Hainleite:

• Barbarossaweg of ( Korbach, Hesse ) to the Kyffhaeuser
• Hainleite trail S2 of Friedrichroda to Sachsenburg
• Main trail Eisenach Special Hausen- Kyffhaeuser Wernigerode

Traffic

Traffic Technically, the field of Hainleite is well developed. About the towns Nordhausen and Sondershausen a comfortable journey by train is possible. By car Coming from the north on the A 38 and B 80 and from the south via the A 4 B 4 and B 85 routes lead directly on the Hainleite and connecting the two highways. Improving the north-south connection, if later, the A is completed 71 so far ranges from the A4 near Erfurt to Sömmerda.