Hans von Marées
Johann (Hans) Reinhard von Marées ( born December 24, 1837 in Elberfeld, Wuppertal today, † June 5, 1887 in Rome ) was a German draftsman, printmaker and painter of idealism.
Life
The son of a Prussian Chamber President from old French-Dutch nobility showed an early talent for drawing. At the Berlin Academy of Art, he became in 1854 a pupil of Carl Steffeck, but broke up after only one year of him. After his military service he came to Munich in 1857, where he worked from nature and appropriated a dunkeltonig - picturesque, oriented to the old Dutch atmosphere in the circle of his friends Franz Spranger, Adolf Lier and Anton Teichlein in opposition to the Academy. In addition to military motifs and landscapes ( including the programmatic forward -looking bath of Diana, 1863) emerged at that time haunting portraits of friends and self-portraits. 1864 sent by Adolf Friedrich Graf von Schack to Rome to copy important paintings, it came in 1868 to break with this; However marées found a new patron in the cultural philosopher Konrad Fiedler. On a trip together in 1869 to Spain, France and Holland he won in 1870, particularly impressed by Eugène Delacroix, a new color space, a solidified form of tectonic language ideal embossing ( eg Orangenpflückender Rider, 1869 /70), which it in the circle of neuidealistischen German - Roman to Arnold Böcklin, Anselm Feuerbach and Adolf von Hildebrand moved. Adolf von Hildebrand loved and revered Marées and " guarded " his students " almost touching and paternal as his special treasure ."
With Hildebrand close friend, Marées worked 1871/72 together with him in Berlin, and then in Dresden alone. As a single major contract of his life, he carried out funded by Fiedler frescos of the Zoological Station in Naples. With its monumental elevation of a realistic scenery of the Gulf of Naples, the plant is one of Germany's most important artistic achievements of the 19th century. Marées became friends with Arnold Böcklin, 1876 split from Hildebrand and finally went to Rome, where he lonely and reclusive, given the works of Raphael and ancient sculptures as an expression of unfulfilled longing for an ideal human existence created his mature work in nature. Often mythologically motivated, but of high generality in the coexistence of classic records in the south landscape, he found here final formal clarity and dark glowing color space (eg in the triptychs The Hesperides, two versions of 1879/80 and 1884/87; Advertising, 1885-87; The Three riders, 1885-87 ).
At the time, in his self-tormenting perfection pursuit misunderstood that caused him repeatedly to overpainting, it was only after the turn of the century - recognized as the pioneer of modern figurative art of expression - partly with misinterpretations, such as in the Nazi period. Larger plant stocks of Marées located in the Neue Pinakothek in Munich ( donated by Fiedler 1891), the National Print Munich, the Von der Heydt - Museum Wuppertal and the National Gallery in Berlin.
Buried is Marées in the Protestant Cemetery in Rome, close to Pyramid of Caius Cestius.
Works (excerpt)
- Transporting the wounded at the Battle of Solferino, 1860, oil on canvas, 41 × 51 cm, Museum of Military History, Vienna.
- Portrait of the painter Heinrich Heger, 1861, National Gallery, Berlin.
- Portrait Marées Hans and Adolf von Hildebrand, 1873, Neue Pinakothek, Munich.
- Self-Portrait with Yellow Hat, 1874, Old National Gallery, Berlin
- The age, 1877/78, Old National Gallery, Berlin.
- The Dragonslayer, 1880, Old National Gallery, Berlin.
- The age, 1877, Old National Gallery, Berlin
- Philip and the eunuch, 1869, Old National Gallery, Berlin
- The Orange Picker, 1873, Old National Gallery, Berlin
- Self-Portrait with Yellow Hat, 1874, Old National Gallery, Berlin
- Evening forest scene, circa 1870, Kunsthalle Bremen
- Departure of the Fishermen, 1873, Von der Heydt - Museum, Wuppertal -Elberfeld
- Three men, about 1874, Von der Heydt - Museum, Wuppertal -Elberfeld
- Courtyard of the Munich Residence, 1862/63, oil on canvas, 240 × 162 cm, Hermitage, St. Petersburg
- Hesperides, Triptych, 1884, oil on wood, 341 × 482 cm, Neue Pinakothek, Munich
Honors
The sculptor Erwin Wortelkamp created in 2002, a bronze sculpture titled For Hans von Marées.