Heinrich Lausberg

Lausberg Heinrich ( born October 12, 1912 in Aachen, † April 11, 1992 in Münster ) was a German linguist and rhetorician.

Life

Lausberg studied classical, Romanesque and Indo-European Linguistics in Bonn and Tübingen. After a research trip to the dialect research in the southern Italian Basilicata he in 1937 received his doctorate with an authored with Gerhard Rohlfs dissertation on the dialects Südlukaniens. Subsequently, he worked at the French Etymological Dictionary and Thesaurus Linguae on Latinae. During World War II he was employed as an interpreter in Russia and Italy.

Immediately after his return from captivity, he habilitated in 1945 at the University of Munich with its rated as excellent dissertation. A short time later Lausberg taught at the University of Bonn, where he met his future mentor, Ernst Robert Curtius. In 1949 he was appointed to the University of Münster as head of the Romance Languages ​​. There he addressed the European literature and its new interpretation. As an interpretation aid written Lausberg 1949, the elements of literary rhetoric, which he continued in 1960 with the manual of literary rhetoric.

1972 Lausberg went to the Polytechnic Paderborn order to set up the Romanesque seminar.

According to the judgment Georg Weinrichs Lausberg was " a pioneer of modern linguistics, a classic of rhetoric and an absolute philologist ." In recognition of his scientific achievements, he was appointed to several colleges:

He was also

  • Commander of the Order of Merit of the Italian Republic
  • Officer of the Order of the Palmes Académiques

Besides his numerous scientific works Lausberg was also active as a choral conductor, composer and arranger.

The Classicist Marion Lausberg is his daughter.

Approaches to rhetoric

The motivation to become standard works elements and the Handbook of literary rhetoric ( " the Lausberg " ) goes back to Lausbergs Bonn contact with Curtius, who as the literatures of Europe for the first time in mutual competition occurred after the war, from their nation-state borders, with their interpretation was employed. Given the diversity of these literatures Curtius had formulated: European literature was in Latin literature a common basis; That means in a row: European literature can be generally interpreted with the same standards. This Latin and ancient reference resorted to Lausberg and therefore worked in his time in Munster, especially the ancient rhetoric.

From the total system of rhetoric Lausberg put his main focus on two individual stages of the rhetorical process: on dispositio and elocutio, and thereby in particular to the elocutio, ie to the linguistic presentation of a text.

Lausberg saw in the rhetoric of a "system of mental and linguistic forms." Although a listener or reader a grammatical awareness must be present, for example, to recognize the shape of a Imperatives that uses the Orator, as an imperative and that it expected consequence, this is again in rhetorical forms is not the case. An " empirical control (...) the rhetorical forms used is not necessary for the listener ." A listener is so emotionally excited about a rhetorical question, even without that it reflects the phenomenon of rhetorical question them as such. The literary scholar, however, should be aware of these rhetorical forms and dominate wherever possible.

Lausberg interpreted the rhetorical structures and historically in the context of their respective epoch. Forms of the modern era and the Middle Ages, however, he led again and again to their origins in antiquity back whose phenomenon - width, the former importance of rhetoric owe.

Works

  • Dialects Südlukaniens, Halle 1939
  • Elements of Literary Rhetoric, Munich 1949 passim
  • Romance Linguistics I-III, Berlin 1956
  • Handbook of Literary Rhetoric, Munich 1960 passim
  • The sonnet Les Grenades by Paul Valéry, Opladen 1971
  • The hymn Ave maris stella, Opladen 1976
  • The hymn Veni Creator Spiritus, Opladen 1979
  • The St. John's prologue. Rhetorical findings on the form and meaning of the text, Göttingen 1984
  • Ernst Robert Curtius, 1886-1956, Stuttgart 1993
Romance studies Lucania Thesaurus Linguae Latinae Classical antiquity List of orators Empirical research Integrated Authority File
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