Henry V of Iron

Henry V of Glogau - Sagan (also Henry V " the Iron "; * 1312/21; † April 13, 1369 ) was from 1342 to 1369 Duke of Sagan, from 1344 Duke of ( the Duke ) Glogau, 1358-1361 by Steinau and down in 1361 by half Steinau. He came from a branch of the Silesian Piast Glogau.

Origin and family

Henry V's parents were Henry IV of Glogau († 1342 ) and Mathilde († 1323/29 ), daughter of Margrave Hermann von Brandenburg. In 1337 he married Anna († 1363), daughter of Waclaw of Plock. The couple had children:

Life

After the death of his father in 1342, inherited Henry V, who had no other brothers, whose Duchy Sagan. At the same time he laid claim to the duchy of Glogau, which, like Sagan, since 1329 was a fief of the Crown of Bohemia. Glogau had last Uncle Henry V Primislaus / Primko II belongs, who had refused to pay homage to the Bohemian king John of Luxembourg and who was poisoned in 1331 by his subjects. Rightful heirs should be father of Henry V and his brother John of Steinau († 1361/64 ). Primislaus / Primkos widow Constanze was assigned as a dowry the city Glogau whose management she transferred her brother Bolko II. Nevertheless, King John sat across the hereditary claims and moved Glogau violently as a vacant fief. The reason for this was that his Johann Steinau had sold his claim to the heritage Glogau before the death Primkos. Because of this unlawful incidents refused in 1342 also Henry V the king the homage and fought him to get to the formerly his father entitled heritage Glogau.

After the Polish king Casimir III. with his army invaded parts of Greater Poland, belonging to the possession of the Dukes Glogau, fought against Henry V and Poland. This devastated Kazimir III. Steinau and busy woman city, Henry V finally had to leave Poland. From annoyance Heinrich now sought the support of the Bohemian King John. This he finally did homage on 23 November 1344. Thereupon King John to him wore a half of Glogau, which was referred to as " the Duke " Glogau, while he kept the other " royal " half as sovereign itself.

In the following period, Heinrich held frequently in the vicinity of King John's son, the Marquis and later King Charles IV, whose politics and diplomacy he supported. 1347 he took part in the coronation in Prague, as two years later he accompanied him to the Pope in Avignon, and in 1355 he was in Rome present at the coronation of Charles IV. Together with Nikolaus von Münsterberg in 1356 he was commissioned by Charles IV on a diplomatic mission in Constantinople Opel, from where he then undertook a pilgrimage to the Holy Land.

1358 acquired Henry V of his uncle Johann whose Duchy Steinau. After that Henry V relations with King Charles, who had the Schweidnitzer Duke Bolko II approximated to the make up by Karl's father to Bolkos sister Constance, the Primkos / Przemkos widow, injustice committed again deteriorated. To this end was King Charles on January 10, 1360 (Royal ) half of Glogau and semi Steinau Bolko II of Schweidnitz on its lifetime. As Henry V in 1363 after the death of Constance, who was a granddaughter of the late Polish king Władysław I the Elbow-, feared the permanent loss of the royal half of Glogau, he resumed contact with the Polish king Casimir III. on, from which he hoped to help. To this end, he married his daughter Hedwig with the Kazimir III widowed. , But not bore him the coveted throne.

Henry, whose nickname " the Iron " is to go back to the fact that he treated his subordinates hard and also its political objectives pursued iron, also fought the native nobility and church institutions. Constant clashes he had with the Saganer Augustinians. In 1367 he was reportedly detained by the opposing needle in the Jacob Kircher castle. Two years later he died. The guardianship of his underage sons was transferred to Rupert I of Legnica, the 1372 was married to Henry V for two years widowed daughter Hedwig. The unleashed by Heinrich's death V. inheritance disputes were settled by his brother Ludwig I of Liegnitz. After the two older Henrys 1393 and died in 1395 without issue, Henry V's possession was united under his youngest son Henry VIII, who continued the standard sequence.