Hollandic dialect

The Dutch dialect of Dutch dialect, which is spoken in the Holland area, ie approximately in the two provinces of North Holland and South Holland.

In the 16th century the Dutch standard languages, Dutch and Brabant dialects had the greatest importance here was born. That is why the Dutch standard language in the vernacular is also often referred to as Dutch and all Dutch as "Dutch ".

For this reason, the language spoken in Holland is closer to the standard than anywhere else, with the Dutch in the vernacular of the city of Haarlem is regarded as the purest. The Dutch dialects in Belgium deviate more from the standard language. Firstly, because it is not Dutch, but Flemish, Brabant, and Limburg dialects of the dialect continuum. Secondly, because the only official language in Belgium until the 20th century was the French, so that the standard Dutch could not influence the dialects in Belgium. In Friesland there are places where Dutch dialects are spoken, which are divided from others in their own dialect group. In the north of Holland, the influence of the independent Frisian language to the Dutch is still great. In the south of the Netherlands, the dialects merge into Brabant dialects. Utrecht - Alblasserwaards is considered by the Dialektologin Jo Daan as a separate dialect that does not belong to the Dutch.

List of subdialects

The first four are predominantly low- Franconian dialects, and especially the South Holland deviates only slightly from the Dutch standard language from. From Waterländischen to Texel it comes to dialects in which the Frisian substrate is still relatively strong presence. The bottom group includes dialects spoken in Friesland and the Frisian influence is still so strong that they are often not expected to Dutch, but are regarded as a sort of creole.

  • Südholländisch
  • Westhoek
  • Utrecht - Alblasserwaards
  • Waterländisch
  • Zaans
  • Kennemerländisch
  • West-Friesland
  • Texelsch
  • Bildt, Midslands, Stadtfriesisch and Ameländisch

History of the Dutch dialects

The Dutch was originally a North Sea Germanic ( ingwäonische ) language. That is, it was very similar in the early Middle Ages the Old Frisian and Old English. Around the 11th century, the Dutch came under the influence of Franconian dialects: only under the influence of the Flemish, later (via Utrecht) under the influence of Brabant. Especially South Holland (ie south of the IJ ) lost his ingwäonischen ( North Sea Germanic ) character. This is probably explained by the fact that Holland is closer to Flanders and Utrecht. In the language of North Holland until about the IJ and on the coast about to Scheveningen however, there is a Frisian strike.

There are a number of written sources for the medieval Dutch. Poetry and prose from the Netherlands, there are mainly from 1400th However, the Flemish- Brabant influence was so strong that the texts can not be regarded as purely Dutch at this time.

In the Middle Dutch period the genera merged masculine and feminine. This tendency was in the North Sea Germanic dialects (also in Dutch ) than in Brabant, which is closer to the Germans ( with its three generations ).

Swell

  • Lower Franconian dialect
  • Dutch language
  • Holland
Brabantian dialect West Frisian Dutch Bildts IJ (Amsterdam)
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