International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda
November 8, 1994
The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (French Tribunal penal international pour le Rwanda, TPIR, English International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, ICTR; kinyarwanda Urukiko Nshinjabyaha Mpuzamahanga rwagenewe u Rwanda ) is a space created by Resolution 955 of the UN Security Council on 8 November 1994 Ad hoc criminal Court to clarify the events during the genocide in Rwanda in April 1994 and criminally work up. He is responsible for the prosecution of serious crimes that were committed between 1 January and 31 December 1994 in Rwanda. As a common successor of the ICTR and the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia acts since July 2012, the International Residualmechanismus for the ad hoc criminal tribunals, which is parallel to the two ad hoc tribunals active for a transitional period until 2014.
Basics
The following UN resolutions form the basis of the ICTR (International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda ):
- Resolution 955 of the UN Security Council on 8 November 1994
- Resolution 978 of the Security Council of 27 February 1995
- Resolution 1165 of the UN Security Council on 30 April 1998
On 22 February 1995 was set by resolution 977 of the UN Security Council as the seat of the Tribunal in Arusha Tanzania.
The Tribunal has jurisdiction over the crime of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes, which are regarded as violations of Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions.
By March 2006, the Tribunal has sentenced 19 people, 25 proceedings were ongoing, 19 people are expecting their method in custody and 10 are still being prepared. The first tribunal began in 1997 with the trial of Jean -Paul Akayesu. All procedures should be completed in 2008.
Proceedings against " hate media "
The case against " hate media " began on 23 October 2000. It handles media that fueled the genocide.
On 19 August 2003 against Ferdinand Nahimana and Jean Bosco Barayagwiza, manager of Radio - Télévision Libre des Mille Collines, and Hassan Ngeze, the writer and editor of the newspaper Kangura, indicted. This is genocide, incitement to genocide and crimes against humanity before and during the genocide. On 3 December 2003, the court found all three guilty. It sentenced Nahimana and Ngeze to life imprisonment and Barayagwiza to 35 years in prison. Right now the case in appeal.
Members
The tribunal consists of 16 judges in four chambers - three for the prosecution and one for vocations. In addition, 9 " ad litem " judges are still present, a total of 25 judges. Currently, all 9 ad litem judges in chambers II and III. In addition there are nine former ad litem judge, which are used when a regular ad litem judge fails due to illness or is prevented.
The series shows the # of protocol hierarchy.
Trial Chamber I
Trial Chamber II
Trial Chamber III
Appeals Chamber
Prosecution office
The prosecution office is divided into two sections:
- The Investigations Division is responsible for collecting evidence for the participation of individuals in crimes in Rwanda in 1994.
- The prosecution department is responsible to punish all violations prior to the genocide.
Hassan Bubacar Jallow from Gambia is the current prosecutor of the ICTR. He worked previously as " Attorney General " and as Minister of Justice; From 1998 to 2002 he was also the Supreme Court of Gambia operates. On 15 September 2003 he was nominated to replace Carla Del Ponte.
The Secretariat
The Secretariat is responsible for the overall management of the Tribunal. It also exerts some other legal functions and the communication interface of the ICTR.
The Secretariat is headed by the chief secretary. This is the Members of the UN Secretary - General. Adama Dieng of Senegal is the present Chief Secretary. In March 2001, he moved into his post.