Jingle

A Jingle (English jingle [ dʒɪŋgl̩ ], tinkle ',' jingle ') is a anglicism for the short catchy signature tune a radio or TV station or for a specific program for this station. There are short sequences of notes or melodies that are broadcast vocal and / or instrumental and have a high degree of recognition. Other concepts are sound or audio logo.

History

The first jingles, however, were aired in the U.S. for promotional purposes in the context of radio advertising by the radio stations. On December 24, 1926 (Christmas Eve) was broadcast by the radio station WCCO ( Minneapolis ) the first for advertising purposes serving jingle. It was sung by the a cappella group Wheaties Quartet ( " Have you tried Wheaties ?") And applied for three years breakfast cereals from General Mills. The product should be actually removed from the market because of its weak sales; However, allegedly contributed to a huge increase in sales, the success of jingles. Since then, the commercial jingles spread as a new advertising medium in the U.S. radio. Pepsi began with the slogan "Pepsi -Cola hits the spot" from about 1930, which was classified as immortal from Life magazine 1940. 1941 was the first of these Jingle most common in the U.S., which was pressed on vinyl for jukeboxes also from December 1941, a million times. 1949, the jingle was played on 469 radio stations a total of 296 426 times. James Dean's first professional appearance as an actor was the film production of this jingles on 13 December 1950.

Increasingly jingles were also used in sponsored programs. End of 1939, the NBC has been used in San Francisco in the show " The Woman's Magazine of the Air" sung the first commercial for Caswell 's National Crest Coffee.

The first jingle as acoustic identification of a radio station ( " station identification" ) ran at KLIF ( Dallas ) on 11 November 1947, when the station was just two days on the air, and had a large share in the recognition of the transmitter.

According to many sources applies Elly Heuss- Knapp, wife of the first president of the Federal Republic of Germany, as the actual inventor. She developed since 1933 jingles for companies such as Nivea, Erdal, Coffee Hag, Blaupunkt and Persil and the idea of the acoustic trademark had let a little later patented.

Top40 Radio

In the competition for the attention of the listener was a consistent image of a radio station in the United States because of the large number of radio stations of importance. Already in 1940 there were 705 commercial radio stations in the United States. Became popular format radio stations all day radiated the current charts and " Top 40 Radio" called. The first Top40 station KOWH in Omaha began in 1951 with this program format, boosting the market share of this station in Omaha from 4% to 45% at year-end 1951. At the same time, these stations have developed a jingle acoustic transmitter identification to solidify the handset impression. This was also necessary because all Top40 stations played the same plates and therefore not distinguished by the program and content.

The vast majority of jingles were formerly self produced, as William B. Meek began in Dallas in 1951 with the jingle production company PAMS, which created the jingles for radio stations. They later offered to jingle packages for different purposes in which the station name was added in each case in the pre-recorded jingles by overdubbing. It was followed by " Countdown Jingles ", with which the upper echelons of the charts - especially the number one hit, have been announced. For probably the most popular top 40 station of the U.S., WABC -FM developed in New York, with her start in this transmission format began legendary jingles from 1960. Top 40 radio was over 30 years the dominant format.

The jingle was a far more significant than its role as a trading instrument separation spot for the advertising blocks for most radio managers. The jingle began as a more or less strident acoustic identification of the station name, she took in the sixties already has the task as a news or weather - Intro background music (music bed). In 1961 PAMS the Sonovox one, a device that could be alienated with the voices, so that they sounded like a robot voice.

For the famous radio DJ Tom Donahue (see KSAN (radio stations) ) had made the " Top 40 Radio" the Rock & Roll to become a rising industry and stuffed the radio stations with jingles. Donahue was therefore transferred from April 1967 at KPMX (San Francisco) to be no more playing 3 -minute hit singles, but vast tracks of rock albums - the underground radio was born.

Europe

One of the world's most famous jingles was the opening motif used by the BBC during the Second World War from the first movement of the 5th Symphony of Beethoven, which with the Morse code " · · · - " was linked to V ( ictory ). In Europe, later took over the pirate radio jingles produced by PAMS, again tailored by overdubbing on the respective station. The Dutch station Radio Veronica was the first time on 15 October 1959 mission, followed in particular Radio Caroline ( March 28, 1964 ) or Wonderful Radio London (23 December 1964). This pirate stations beamed from spectacular, lasting minutes jingles. BBC Radio 1 in 1967 also appointed at the first PAMS jingle packages. Radio Luxembourg jingles led self-produced first in the English program, but then also in the German program launched in April 1958.

Germany

The January 1984 to unrivaled public broadcasting in Germany was content with his acoustic transmitter identification for a long time with a simple, comprehensive maximum 7 tones pause character ( interval signal) as Jingle replacement. It was played by an instrument or generated by a so-called break signalman. Jingles the station ident appeared only when the public radio late turned to with " modern music " of the youth and the first DJs began. The first was Chris Howland, a former DJ of the British forces radio station BFBS Germany in Cologne, who joined from October 1961 WDR, there the radio program hosted " Music from Studio B " and einbaute parts of the progressive BFBS culture in the broadcasts.

Since the establishment of the first private radio station in January 1984 and jingles have become known in Germany spread.

Requirements for jingles and species

Basic idea of ​​jingles is his recall and recognition in the listener. A musical note is better than a spoken remembrance. Jingles must be as simple composed and produced as children's songs. They should contain a hook that increases the recognition value. The classic jingles consist of five choral voices (including 3 male ); also ten - to twenty -strong choir sang the station name in a simple, catchy melody in the context of self-promotion. A catchy jingle in 1960 was the hallmark of any top 40 station. Most jingles were produced in Dallas, Bill Meeks PAMS recording studio, his productions enjoyed monopoly status for a long time and had a largely unified sound. WABC began in 1960 as a Top 40 radio station and sat since Jingles a, also from 1962 by PAMS Productions in Dallas produced. The constant repetition of the jingles used is based on Sigmund Freud's theory of repetition compulsion, after which the constant repetition can trigger a learning effect already in children. Their simple shape makes it catchy and can lead to some jingles catchy status. Even more than played plates or DJs provide for Fong -Torres Jingles the most important element of a sender strategy in terms of the memory effect in favor of a particular radio station represents the combination of text and melody proved memorierbarste form of a claim. The spokesman of the auditory packaging is referred to as station voice. The audio logo or audio -CI ( corporate identity ) can also be made noises or a mixture of compositional sounds and noises are made (eg, "Audi", "BMW "). Important for linking logo and trademark is a possible frequent and consistent use of the audio logo in all the brand relevant media such as TV, radio, internet, phone queues or computer system sounds. Under these conditions, jingles take a substantive conditioning. Jingles and other sounds can be protected as a sound mark.

In the radio is distinguished with the following technical terms between different types of jingles. However, there is no universally valid terminology:

• Back Timer: Instrumental recording, which bridges the gap between a song and a temporally fixed element, such as messages that fills
• Bumper / Opener: usually a short jingle without subsequent music bed for announcement / opening a program or category, such as news, traffic, weather
• Claim: includes the station name, often the frequency or slogan, in spoken or sung form
• Closer / Stinger: Jingle to terminate presentations or music beds
• Countdown Jingle: is mostly used in the charts and is one of the highest-ranking placements backward to the number -one hit
• Donut: music bed of a particular length, at the beginning and end of a sung or spoken identifier is
• Drop-In: a spoken text, which is used for a piece of music, also known as Shout ( caused by a choir ) or Whisper ( whisper )
• Funjingle: a jingle with a punch line or a funny sound effect
• Hookpromo: the point of a song to which people recognize it again
• Hookcollage: compilation of several hooks for the transmitter characteristic songs
• Music bed / Modbed: instrumental, often looped Interleaving music for spoken text
• Promo: Jingle the sender 's own advertising, which is played for example in sweepstakes or the announcement of concerts
• Ramp: music bed, which after a specified length of a sung or spoken identifier follows
• Shotgun: short concise Jingle
• Show opener: opened a mission on the hour or a certain item, eg Chart Show
• Service Jingle: ARI signal, eg beep for traffic information or news Jingle
• Tag: sung or spoken identifier, followed by a music bed of a certain length
• Trailer: similar promo, but rather with respect to the program's own broadcasts
• Transition: Connecting element for music tracks of different tempos, intensities, or genres of smooth transitions between songs

Examples

In the German-speaking area became known jingles are in the field of advertising as " Every time a good time " or " There's nothing like Bärenmarke ...", also, for example, the various theme songs ( fanfare ) the evening news or the sound sequence ( " As long as the old Peter " ) of the Bavarian Radio about the messages that carry traffic announcements.

With increasing awareness of the texts are also occasionally omitted since it can be assumed that the text is already baked in the minds and " sung " by the advertising target group itself. Examples would be: " If it's about money ..." or " On these stones you can build ."

Other well-known advertising jingle:

• German Telekom
• Audi
• " My source " ( Quelle )
• Any commercial LBS is accompanied by an animation and the sound characteristic sequence of three tones at the end.
• Each infomercial that mentions a processor from Intel, is accompanied by a characteristic sequence of sounds with five tones.