Johann Martin von Rohden
Johann Martin von Rohden, Johann Martin Rohden ( born July 30, 1778 in Kassel, † September 9, 1868 in Rome) was a German landscape painter.
Life
Johann Martin von Rohden was born on July 30, 1778 in Kassel, the son of the merchant Moritz von Rohden ( 1745-1811 ). First he attended until 1775, the Academy of Painting in Kassel. End of May 1795 he moved together with the Kassel architect Karl du Ry to Rome (arrival: June 1 ). However, in 1798 broke out, the second coalition war ( 1798-1801 ) in Rome, the Republic was established in February 1798, French troops proclaimed (1799, she was however already completed). From Rohden probably left in March 1799 for Italy because of this uncertain situation ( one undertaken at this time travel by boat along the Italian coast to the north is obtained by some graphics used). Around 1801/ 02 is proven by Rohden again in Germany.
1802 won Johann Martin von Rohden ( and Ludwig Hummel, also a Kassel ) with one of his first paintings, endowed with 30 ducats annual prize edited by Goethe and Johann Heinrich Meyer art magazine Propylaea on a given topic Perseus frees Andromeda. The award-winning paintings of the young artist, however, was not as hoped by his father purchased from the Kurfürstendamm, but keep for years by the jury and eventually sold under the imaginary value to third parties.
From 1802 to 1811 Johann Martin von Rohden, however, was already back in Rome and joined there the circle of German Romans in particular, the neo-classicists Joseph Anton Koch and Johann Christian Reinhart ( further Johann Erdmann Hummel, Gottlieb Schick, Ernst Platner, Johann Martin Wagner, Camille Corot, to, inter alia ).
1805 traveled from Rohden from Rome to Sicily. During another short stay in Germany (1811 /12) he met Goethe personally. The end of September 1812, he returned to Rome. In 1815 he married Catarina Coccanari, daughter of the Sibyls - innkeeper of Tivoli (to allow the marriage, he converted to the Catholic faith ). With it, he gets a son, Franz von Rohden (* February 15, 1817 in Rome, † December 28, 1903 in Rome).
1827 appointed him to the Hessian Elector Wilhelm II as court painter back to Kassel. But in 1829 he had a leave of absence from Germany, traveled to Rome and from there made now more painting for the elector. Since 1831, he moved into the elector an annual salary of 12,000 thalers. For this he had only once every two years a landscape painting from Italy make for his free choice, which was rewarded with particular favor with additional 1,000 thalers. At the age of 54 years (1832 ) he will be relieved from the electoral service. However, the annual salary referred Rohden live long on, even after the death of the elector (1847 ), even under the new Prussian government.
Johann Martin von Rohden died on September 9, 1868 in Rome. His tomb is located, next to that of his painter friends, at the German cemetery Campo Santo Teutonico.
Appreciation
Johann Martin von Rohden was one of the most important landscape painters of the first half of the 19th century. He left relatively few works because of its careful and detail -obsessed, thereby inevitably slower operation. Stylistically, he oriented himself with early classical appeal to Jacob Philipp Hackert. Models he found in the circle of painters to Joseph Anton Koch and Johann Christian Reinhart, but also Karl Blechen. Since about 1810, he turns to clear the progressive substantive direction within the landscape painting of his time. The dominant motif in his drawings and paintings are then natural landscapes, often in wide panoramas, about the color dominating clean lines and mild color changes represented very faithfully. They often contain no more romantic Masked architectures, often have no foreground and contain also largely the pathos of the circle around Joseph Anton Koch. We are especially famous its multiple representations of the waterfalls of Tivoli and the landscapes of the Campagna Romana.
He was next to his painting activity an avid hunter known about the many anecdotes and caricatures of his painter friends are (nickname: "Holy Munchausen ").
In 2000 the first major retrospective of his work in the new gallery Kassel.
Works (excerpt)
- Grotta Ferrata ( Wuppertal, Von der Heydt - Museum, Inv. No. G 0537 ), circa 1805, oil on canvas, 67 × 48 cm
- The Neptune's Grotto - Waterfalls at Tivoli (. Vienna, Österreichische Galerie, Inv No. 1768), 1809, oil on canvas
- Italian Landscape with Lovers - The Morning (Kassel, Staatliche Museen, inventory number AZ 116. ), 1832, oil on canvas, 98 × 138 cm