Kaurna people

The Kaurna, a tribe of Aborigines who lived traditionally in the land that lies in and around the Adelaide Plains of South Australia. Due to the impact of European colonization, the number of Kaurna sank within 20 years from 1000 to 180 Kaura in 1856. Their language was the Kaurna Warra.

Country

The traditional Kaurna area extended in the region of South Australia via Cape Jervis and Fleurieu Peninsula to Port Wakefield on the eastern coast of the Gulf Saint Vincent and further north up to the Crystal Brook in Mid North. The country reached an average of 100 kilometers inland and it consisted of about 7200 square kilometers. Their territory is bounded by the Aborigines of Peramangk and Ngadjuri in the east, the north and Nukunu Narangga in the West.

Clans was found in Snowtown, Blyth, Hoyleton, Hamley Bridge, Clarendon, Gawler and Myponga, which are sometimes called Nantuwara. The Jultiwira ( stringy bark forests ) were on the border of the Mount Lofty Ranges. Between Hamley Bridge and Crystal Brook they were called Padnaindi. Little is known about the use of the Adelaide Plains by the Kaurna people, but of course they use for hunting and collection routes. When in 1836 the first Europeans reached the area, fire along the coast were observed. This fire was part of the removal of undergrowth to promote grass growth for emus and kangaroos.

Colonization

The traditional life of the Kaurna tribe was destroyed within 20 years by colonization by the Europeans. The last surviving full - blood Aboriginesfrau the Kaura was Ivaritij. The population of the Kaura was decimated with security with the spread of smallpox in 1836 in the southern states along the Murray River.

The population number decreased after the arrival of European Sieler by measures of Governor Hindmarsh as Commander in Chief and the proclamation in 1836 at the Holdfast Bay (now Glenelg ), of about 1,000 members before the colonization to 180 in 1856. This country was as Terra Nullius explained by the regulation of the South Australia Act by the British Parliament on 14 August 1834 in spite of the King William IV adopted South Australia Letters Patent in 1836 that the Australian legal ultimately in 1992 by the Mabo v. Queensland (No. 2) was lifted.

The recorded by the German missionaries and Christian Teichelmann Clamor Schürmann 1838-1846 language of the Kaurna is now being revived by linguists Robert Amery and Jack Buckskin at the University of Adelaide.

Relationships

The Kaurna people lived independent family structures in certain areas, which they called pangkarra. The Pangkarra always had access to the coast, and extended over a large area from the domestic market. The coast was vital for fishing and domestic areas offered the tribe during the bad weather protection. The Pangkarra was then divided into sub-groups, that have been called yerta. All members in the Yerta and the different therefrom Pangkarra were related. Marriage between a man and a woman without the same Yerta were forbidden. The Kaura certain conditions such as the right to initiate and they were the southernmost tribe who applied this.

Name

Some of the names under which the Kaurna are also known: Kaura (write error ), Coorna, Koornawarra, Nantuwara ( in relation to the northern Yerta it is the Kanagaroo Speakers ( kangaroo speaker ) ), Nantuwaru, Nganawara, Meljurna or Meyukattanna ( in relationship to the northern Yerta they are quarrelsome men ( quarrelsome people ) ), as cited by the Southern Yerta.