Kelantan-Pattani Malay
Spoken in
- Austronesian Malayo -Polynesian Western Malayo -Polynesian Sunda Malay languages Malay language Local Malay malay
Ms
Mfa
Yawi (also Jawi or Malay Pattani, Pattani Malay Bahasa Melayu ) is a dialect of the Malay language that is spoken in southern Thailand near the border with Malaysia. Yawi is spoken by about 3.1 million Thai Malays, but also of many ethnic Thai and the Samsam, a predominantly Muslim ethnic group Südthailändisch speaking.
Yawi forms a strongly deviating from the Malay dialect, which is due to the strong influence of the Thai and the isolated because of the border mountains location. Yawi itself is characterized by numerous varieties, but which are not mutually understood. Very similar to Yawi is the dialect of Kelantan.
Designation of the language
In Thailand Yawi is as Phasa Yawi called ( Thai: ภาษา ยา วี, [ p ʰ a ː sa ː ː wi ː ja ] ). This is a corrupted name for the modified Arabic alphabet, which is used for the Malay language ( Jawi or Yawi ). In the Thai language also Phasa Malayu Pattani ( Thai: ภาษา มลายู ปัตตานี ) is called, similar in Bahasa Malayu Pattani Yawi. The dialect is often simply called Bahasa Pattani.
Dissemination
Yawi is the most important language in the Thai provinces of Narathiwat, Yala and Pattani, where the Malays dominate their number here. Yawi is also spoken in Satun, but there is the Thai the dominant language. Yawi is also in isolated villages to the area of Hat Yai ( Songkhla Province ) spoken. In Malaysia Yawi is spoken by Thai immigrants in Kelantan, Perlis, Kedah and Perak. Because of usually economically justified migration within Thailand there is also a significant number of speakers of Yawi in Bangkok.
Font
Yawi is not a written language, but it is sometimes passed on informally in writing. In this case, an old-fashioned form of Malay is used, which uses a modified form of the Arabic alphabet and is known as Jawi. This is in contrast to the speakers of Malay in Malaysia and Indonesia, which nowadays use the Latin alphabet ( Rumi ).
History
Southern Thailand has for centuries influenced by two cultures: the buddhist dominated Siamese - Thai and Islamic Malay culture. Here traders from the Middle East, India, China and Thailand met with Malay -speaking ethnic groups. Since the 11th century, Islam prevails as the dominant religion, after the old kingdom of Srivijaya was in chaos. The kingdom of Ayutthaya made the Malay principalities in the south of present-day Thailand and to the north of present-day Malaysia to vassal states, but they were for a long time never fully integrated. The resulting isolation has led to the preservation of the Malay language as a dialect form of Yawi.
Yawi and the Malay language
Yawi and the spoken dialect in the south of Thailand the Thai influence for centuries against each other, for example, there are many loan words from the other language that do not exist in Standard Malay. But even regular sound shifts of Yawi the standard Malay can complicate the listening skills.
Some examples of the sound shift in Yawi:
- / aj / to / a :/ - sungai (channel) is to sunga
- / au / to / a / - pisau (knife ) is to pisa
- Final consonants are often spoken as a plosive - bukit ( hill ) is to buki '.