La finta giardiniera
- Don Anchise, Podestà of Lagonero (Tenor)
- Marchesa Violante Onesti, under the name Sandrina disguised as a gardener (soprano )
- Contino Belfiore (Tenor)
- Arminda, a noble lady from Milan, niece of the Podestà (soprano )
- Cavaliere Ramiro, neighbor of the Podestà ( or mezzo-soprano castrato )
- Serpetta, chambermaid at the Podestà (soprano )
- Roberto, servant of the Marchesa Violante, under the name Nardo gardener's boy at the Podestà (baritone or bass)
La finta giardiniera, literally translated: The wrong ( " fictitious " ) teacher, but in most cases: the teacher of love, an opera by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in three acts (KV 196) under the generic name Dramma giocoso. The text of the original version of 1775 probably comes from Giuseppe Petrosellini. 1780 appeared a German Singspiel version of Johann Franz Xaver Stierle, who was apparently authorized by Mozart.
Content
Background In a heated argument, the Count Belfiore has his mistress, the Marchioness Violante, out of jealousy seriously wounded with a dagger. He even thinks he has killed any. Since that incident, the two have not seen each other.
Act 1, the palace and gardens of the Podestà
A year later
The Marchesa Violante Onesti, which the Count Belfiore still can not forget, has disguised himself as a gardener Sandrina and can do at the court of the Podestà, because she had heard a rumor, Count Belfiore hold on in this area. She will be accompanied by her servant Nardo, who pretends to be her brother. The Podestà, the amorous adventures is not averse with pretty young women in his service, has fallen in love with Sandrina and thus the maid Serpetta deeply hurt, to which he applied until recently. Nardo has again fallen in love with Serpetta, is ignored by this, however. Arminda, niece of the Podestà arrives to her bridegroom, whom ye foreign Count Belfiore know. The Podestà is proud to thereby can be an Uncle Earl. Arminda has no idea that Ramiro, neighbor of the Podestà and Armindas young love, full of despair and anger waiting for them. As Belfiore enters, Arminda is immediately in love and can not wait to finally be Countess. As well as Sandrina and Belfiore enters then sees the two of them recognize triggers what great turmoil in the home of the Podesta.
Act 2, there, later quarry Being together the feuding lovers in the house of the Podestà is agonizing. Since she feels betrayed by her lover, to Sandrina are not recognizable as Marchesa Violante Onesti. A letter from the High Council in Milan arrives. It tells the Podestà to detain the Count, as it is suspected to have the Marchesa Violante Onesti killed or kidnapped. To save the count, to Sandrina are recognizable as Violante, it denies this over in private but once again, because he will marry Arminda, and flees the house. Nardo and Belfiore follow her, the Podesta, who now proudly " state power " represents, as well. Serpetta afterwards goes and decides to Nardo in future pay more attention to, because he had to be a brother Sandrina yes even a Count. Finally, Ramiro follows with Poli Show episode in the hope of being able to stop the wedding between Belfiore and Arminda by correction of the turmoil. In the end, Arminda leaves the house. So all go at night and in frightful weather in a dangerous quarry into which Sandrina has fled. Since no light is coming into the tangled relationships that eventually all the rage turns against Sandrina and Belfiore. Both come in a crazy state of mind and claim to Mercury or Medusa and Erminia to be. The two are captured and imprisoned in the house of the Podestà.
Act 3, house and garden of the Podestà Nardo has made the guards drunk and so takes possession of the key to free Sandrina and Belfiore. As surprised him Serpetta in this situation with an unequivocal invitation, he must reject it, unfortunately. The Podestà noticed the escape and finds himself increasingly less able, the political entanglements and the desires of lovers in his house to master. Ramiro Arminda shows the seriousness of his feelings, as he once again complained bitterly about the betrayal of the common love, and can impress them finally. Violante and Belfiore be called in the garden of her lost love and decide to make a fresh start after Belfiore Violante was able to see the depth of his feelings. A new letter from Milan with the request immediately to appear with Violante and Belfiore before the Sanhedrin, brings the Podestà to the brink of despair. The appearance of Violante and Belfiore and the diplomatic arts Ramiro save him in the end was office and dignity. All love couples find themselves; the temporary confusion dissolve and clear the way for joy and reconciliation.
Music
Mozart's La finta giardiniera belongs to the genre of opera buffa, within this it follows the then popular type of "Opera semiseria " ( semi- serious opera ). Accordingly, there is next to Buffa - games ( Serpetta, Nardo, Podestà ) and semi- serious games ( Sandrina, Belfiore, Arminda ), and even a pure Seria - section ( Ramiro ). This is reflected directly in the music resists: Serpetta and Nardo about obtain pure buffa arias, while the arias of Ramiro and partly also of Armida and Sandrina could also find their place in an opera seria. Therefore, the overall music of great wealth. Mozart shows up here as a true master of opera buffa, the jump since his last opera La finta semplice buffa is enormous. At the same time already, the music of the contemporary opera buffa addition to masterpieces such as Le nozze di Figaro and Don Giovanni ( an aria of Sandrina in the first act takes literally a turn of Susanna from the second act of Figaro in advance ). The first two acts contain large-scale, effective finales. In the second act of Mozart summarizes the finals along with several arias and recitatives preceding to a large, the boundaries of contemporary operas number busting scene.
Formation
Mozart wrote this opera for the Munich Fasching. He received the order probably (assumption Robert Münster) of the Munich director Joseph Anton von Seeau. Mozart began composing probably in the autumn of 1774th The first performance took place in Munich on January 13, 1775.