Lake Mandrensko
The Mandra Lake ( Bulgarian Мандренско езеро / Mandrensko ezero ) lies immediately south of Burgas, a port city on the Black Sea. The lake is part of the seascape castle Asseen and the project " Wetlands of Burgas ". The lake is now bisected by a causeway and is located along the eastern north-south migration route of migratory birds, Via pontica.
The lake forms the border of the plain of Burgas to the north and the beach Saddle mountains and the natural park of the same name in the south. In the north of the lake is a part surrounded by the Municipality Meden Rudnik and other suburbs. The lake was artificially created and has an abundance of fish.
Again nest over 250 species of birds that are listed in the Red Book of Bulgaria, including pelicans and cormorants.
History
Older name of the lake are Körfez, Achrenslijsko march and Jazekljiski. The name derives from the same Körfez Turkish word meaning bay. Under this name the lake in 1493 was mentioned. 1844 Konstantin Jirecek reported that the lake has a length of 10 km and a width of between one and two kilometers to the east and an open Liman was weak, but rhythmic tides. In the summer and especially in eastern winds of salinity climb on. According to a report of Prof. Bontschew from 1912, the lake had an area of 16,500 km ² and was smaller than the Burgas lake. The report also determined that the depth at the outlet of the lake in the area Poda ( Poda today nature reserve ) in the western part lies 5 meters and between 70 and 80 centimeters.
The lake was until 1934 in an initial state, when the first corrections of its banks and the mouths of its tributaries have been made. Thus, in the western part dams were built which protected the farmland and the nearby refugee quarters ( Thracian Bulgarians ).
1963, the dam was built, which meant that today the majority of the lake is a freshwater reservoir and its area increased by four times. This hinders the free outflow of the lake was interrupted and inundated large parts of the marshes. In this context, the only colony of pink pelicans in Bulgaria vanished.
The Lake Today
The Mandra Lake is a water area of 130 km ², the largest of the four castle Asseen. It is 8 km long and up to 1.3 km wide. In it, lead the four rivers Isworska, Sredezska, Fakijska and Rusokastrenska. In the east it is bounded by a dam, which were built directly on the southern end of Burgas is. Other places on the banks are Konstantinovo, Dimtschewo and Prisad.
After the construction of the dam remained east of the lake today's marshes Poda and Usungeren 1989, or have been declared nature reserves in 2005. Part of the Mandra Lake has been declared a nature reserve in 1980. In 1990, with the mouth of the river Isworska Mandra Lake added another standing under reserve. In the west and southwest of the lake goes into the forests of the beach Saddle Mountains.
Gallery
Map of the lakes around the city of Burgas
The eastern end of the lake with the dam and the area Meden Rudnik