Lutjanus

Blue stripe snapper ( Lutjanus kasmira )

Lutjanus is a string of nearly 70 species of fish species of the family of snappers ( Lutjanidae ). Lutjanus species occur in tropical and subtropical zones of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Ocean.

Features

Lutjanus species of 15.5 to 160 cm long. They have a characteristic shape with a high back profile and a large head with a long snout and triangular to conical profile. Eyes and mouth are large, the foot column ranges usually to below the eyes. The muzzle is pointed and protaktil ( vorstülpbar ). The area between the eyes is convex. The jaws are held by a plurality of rows einspitziger teeth of the first are normally increased. In the first series of the upper jaw positioned forward two to four large fangs. Also vomer and palatine bones are covered with brush-shaped teeth. The tooth plate of the vomer is V-shaped, crescent -shaped or triangular. Adult animals also have one or more fields of fine teeth on the tongue.

The Praeoperculare is finely serrated and has a more or less distinct, but still existing indentation at the lower edge, the adjacent portion of the Interoperculare may have a bony hump. In species with a particularly pronounced indentation in the Praeoperculare this hump is usually developed very strong. The lacrimal bone is very wide. The gills Reuse rays are short, the lower branch of the first gill arch bears seven to nine of them. Apart from a sloping shingle belt in the neck, the head is unbeschuppt.

Lutjanus species are colored very variable. Often they are reddish, yellow, gray or brown and show a pattern of darker stripes or bands, sometimes a big black spot on the upper half of the body below the soft-rayed portion of the dorsal fin.

The base of soft-rayed portion of the dorsal fin and the anal fin are covered by scales. The dorsal fin is continuous, often, rarely forked, with a slight indentation between hard and weichstrahligem section, the tail fin is indented crescent-shaped or slightly.

• Fins formula: Dorsal X ( XI) / 11-16, Anal III/7-10, pectoral 15-18.

Way of life

Lutjanus species live near the coast, especially in shallow water above 30 to 40 meters, some larger species in depths up to 200 meters. Small species close friends over swarms and go out at night apart to chase smaller fish and crustaceans.

Reproduction

When blue stripe snapper spawning was observed in groups. A male opened the spawning activity by abuts against the body of a female and rubs his body against hers. Other spawning ready snapper added together and the fish swim in a spirally rotating flock to the water surface with a brief description including eggs and sperm from. The eggs are small with a diameter of 8 mm, and the hatching larvae after 18 hours about 18 mm long. A female of Lutjanus griseus can put more than 5 million eggs.

Species

• Lutjanus adetii ( Castelnau, 1873)
• Lutjanus agennes ( Bleeker, 1863)
• Lutjanus alexandrei ( Moura & Lindeman, 2007)
• Lutjanus ambiguus ( Poey, 1860)
• Lutjanus analis ( Cuvier, 1828)
• Schoolmaster snapper ( Lutjanus apodus ) ( Walbaum, 1792)
• Lutjanus aratus ( Günther, 1864)
• Copper snapper ( Lutjanus argentimaculatus ) ( Forsskål, 1775)
• Lutjanus argentiventris (Peters, 1869)
• Bengal snapper ( Lutjanus bengalensis ) ( Bloch, 1790)
• Lutjanus biguttatus ( Valenciennes, 1830)
• Lutjanus bitaeniatus ( Valenciennes, 1830)
• Lutjanus bohar ( Forsskål, 1775)
• Lutjanus boutton ( Lacépède, 1802)
• Lutjanus buccanella ( Cuvier, 1828)
• Northern snapper ( Lutjanus campechanus ) ( Poey, 1860)
• Lutjanus carponotatus ( Richardson, 1842)
• Lutjanus coeruleolineatus ( Rüppell, 1838)
• Lutjanus colorado ( Jordan & Gilbert, 1882)
• Lutjanus cyanopterus ( Cuvier, 1828)
• Lutjanus decussatus ( Cuvier, 1828)
• Lutjanus dentatus ( Duméril, 1861)
• Lutjanus dodecacanthoides ( Bleeker, 1854)
• Lutjanus ehrenbergii (Peters, 1869)
• Lutjanus endecacanthus ( Bleeker, 1863)
• Lutjanus erythropterus ( Bloch, 1790)
• Lutjanus fulgens ( Valenciennes, 1830)
• Lutjanus fulviflamma ( Forsskål, 1775)
• Lutjanus fuscescens ( Valenciennes, 1830)
• Humpback snapper ( Lutjanus gibbus ) ( Forsskål, 1775)
• Lutjanus goldiei ( Macleay, 1882)
• Lutjanus goreensis ( Valenciennes, 1830)
• Lutjanus griseus (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Lutjanus guilcheri ( Fourmanoir, 1959)
• Lutjanus guttatus ( Steindachner, 1869)
• Lutjanus indicus Allen et al., 2013
• Lutjanus inermis (Peters, 1869)
• Lutjanus jocu ( Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
• Lutjanus johnii ( Bloch, 1792)
• Lutjanus jordani ( Gilbert, 1898)
• Blue stripe snapper ( Lutjanus kasmira ) ( Forsskål, 1775)
• Lutjanus lemniscatus ( Valenciennes, 1828)
• Lutjanus lunulatus ( Park, 1797)
• Lutjanus lutjanus ( Bloch, 1790) ( type species )
• Lutjanus madras ( Valenciennes, 1831)
• Lutjanus mahogoni ( Cuvier, 1828)
• Malabar snapper ( Lutjanus malabaricus ) ( Bloch & Schneider, 1801)
• Lutjanus maxweberi ( Popta, 1921)
• Lutjanus mizenkoi ( Allen & Talbot, 1985)
• Lutjanus mono stigma ( Cuvier, 1828)
• Lutjanus notatus ( Cuvier, 1828)
• Lutjanus novemfasciatus ( Gill, 1862)
• Lutjanus ophuysenii ( Bleeker, 1860)
• Lutjanus papuensis Allen et al., 2013
• Lutjanus peru ( Nichols & Murphy, 1922)
• Lutjanus purpureus ( Poey, 1876)
• Lutjanus quinquelineatus ( Bloch, 1790)
• Lutjanus rivulatus ( Cuvier, 1828)
• Lutjanus rufolineatus ( Valenciennes, 1830)
• Lutjanus russellii ( Bleeker, 1849)
• Lutjanus sanguineus ( Cuvier, 1828)
• Lutjanus sebae ( Cuvier, 1816)
• Lutjanus semicinctus ( Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)
• Lutjanus stellatus ( Akazaki, 1983)
• Lutjanus synagris (Linnaeus, 1758)
• Lutjanus timorensis ( Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)
• Lutjanus viridis ( Valenciennes, 1846)
• Lutjanus vitta ( Quoy & Gaimard, 1824)
• Lutjanus vivanus ( Cuvier, 1828)

Use

Like many other Snapper Lutjanus species are the sought-after food fish. At the genus also includes the snapper, which are sold under the trade name " Red Snapper " in Germany are Lutjanus malabaricus and Lutjanus campechanus in the U.S. under the English name "Red Snapper " in the trade.