Maastrichtian dialect

The Maastricht Platt ( proper name: Mestreechs, Dutch Maastricht ) is that dialect of Limburg, which is spoken in the Dutch city of Maastricht. He is regarded as a very lively dialect, however, is different from other Limburg dialects by a relatively large influence of French.

• 2.1 monophthongs
• 2.2 diphthongs
• 2.3 consonants

Dissemination

With Maastrichtsch is only the dialect of Maastricht, but does not indicate the dialects of the surrounding area. The municipality of Maastricht mean an end to 1970 four adjacent municipalities - Itteren, Borg Haren, Amby and army - one in which there are many who Maastricht settled, but where other dialects are native. What is said in the following for the Maastrichtsche, that does not automatically apply the dialects of these four villages.

Specific characteristics of the Maastrichtsch

Finally, there are also features that are unique in Maastricht and sometimes its immediate vicinity. They often apply to speakers of other dialects as "typical Maastrichtsch ".

• The long ae [ ε ː ], very common in other dialects of Limburg, is always ee [e: ]. The word regulated " like " you may even only in Maastricht. This can be explained from the Dutch influence.
• -Sj/-sch [ Ʃ ] in final position occurs only in foreign words, as it so often as in English occurs in other dialects. Maastrichtsch Ves "fish" is vèsj and vösj from the environment over. This, too, must be explained from northern influence. Incidentally, many dialects nordlimburgische the - sj do not know when final; in South Limburg Maastricht, however, falls on the enclave.
• The combination awt / awd became AAJT [a ː jt ], eg aajd " old " zaajt "salt". This combination has the Limburg language area in countless variations (next aajd there is ald, aad, awd, oud and aod ); but this variant does not occur elsewhere.
• Vowels are often drawn particularly long. This falls mainly on the sociolect the autochthonous subclass, but occurs with all speakers to some extent. Comparisons maan [ ma ː n] 'man' ( elsewhere you [ mɑn ] ) keend [ ke ː / nt] 'child' ( elsewhere kind [ KI / nt] kèndj [ kɛɲtj ] ) and hoond [ ho ː / nt] "dog" ( elsewhere Hond ( j) [ honed ], [ hoɲtj ] ).

Differences from the other dialects

Within the Limburg there are great dialectal differences. Maastricht is located near some important isoglosses ( language barriers ), which allows other Limburg dialects that are not widely spoken of Maastricht, strong may differ from Maastricht 's. The following features are not shared by all dialects near:

• Maastricht is located due west of Panninger line. This isogloss runs across Limburg and separates the region in which you say slecht ( north and west ), the area in which it is poorly told. So it is the boundary between the narrow and the broad sibilant ( [s ] or [ ʃ ] ). Since the postwar period this isogloss runs through the city buildings of Maastricht in the eastern districts Amby army and you can hear sjlech [ ʃlæç ].
• Maastricht is located east of ii/äi- and uu / oi lines. We know here ies [i ː / s] " ice " for ndl. ijs [ ɛis ] and hoes [hu ː / s] "house" for ndl. huis [ Hoy ]. The diphthongierte pronunciation penetrates in some words but already out, while this is not north and east of Maastricht the case. So you know here bij [ bɛi ] (" on " or " bee " depending on tone) rather than offer. And while "time" still tied monophthongisch [ ti ː / t], is the plural of this word Tije [ tɛiə ].
• The Middle Dutch diphthongs ie and oe are realized as he [i ː ] and oe [u ː ]. Before stating "red" roed [ ʁu ː t], in contrast to the sea Sener rwad [ ʁwɑt ] and Valkenburger road [ ʁoɑt ].
• - Rs in final position has been preserved. To the east of Maastricht, the combination -rs in final position was to - (r ) sj [ ʁʃ ].

Matches

However, the dialect has predominantly features that it shares with most other dialects of Limburg:

• Maastricht is located northwest of Benrather line, but still southeast of the Uerdinger line. This means that here you iech maak maak ik instead of the Low German or the Central and High German I make (s) off. This combination hold many linguists as the most important criterion for determining whether a dialect is Limburg or not.
• In Maastricht 's can be a long syllable to be stressed in two ways: with a Schleifton (rising and then falling) or with a Stoßton (highest to lowest ). Since these sounds are sometimes meaningless distinctive, one speaks of a tonal language. South of Maastricht, Eijsden and Riemst, there is a " toneless " enclave, in which one knows only two tones, but they do not (more) importance Distinctively be used.
• The Maastrichtsche knows, unlike the high Dutch, the umlaut in diminutives ( diminutives ), with plural forms of male and words in the conjugation of strong verbs.
• There are, in contrast to the Dutch and more evident than in Brabant, three grammatical genders distinguished.
• Words that originally had a short vowel in the singular and in the plural a long, have in Maastricht 's both singular and plural forms a long vowel: DAAK - daker " roof - roofs " over Dutch ( hook size ) dak - Daken.
• The word you is preserved while adding a cognate has been replaced by her in the Netherlands by jij.
• The Proto-Germanic vowels ê and ô are here not to ie [i ( :)], and u [ u ( :)] become: Limburg beer [be ː ʁ ] against German and ndl. beer ( [ biɑ ] or [ bi ː r] or [ bi ː ɹ ] ).
• Urgermamisches sk- in initial position, as in the Germans to [ ∫] and not to [ sx ].
• The T is at the end of a word elided (omitted ) to the consonants b, ch, d, f, g, k, p and s by m and ng it is assimilated to-p and -k.
• The W is bilabial ( both lips ), not labiodental, pronounced.
• The R is a uvular approximant [ ʁ ] according to the French model, in contrast to the usual in Dutch alveolar trills [r ] or alveolar approximant [ ɹ ].

According to inventory

The Maastrichtsche has, like the other Limburg dialects, a large volume inventory with especially much vowels that are unknown in dutch. That is why the spelling of this dialect known (see below), many diacritical characters that are not or only occur in the Netherlands usually in foreign words.

Monophthongs

Diphthongs

True and false.

Consonants