Managua

Managua on the map of Nicaragua

Managua is the capital of the Central American state of Nicaragua.

Managua in Nahuati means " where there is a large water surface " and refers to the great lakes and lagoons of the capital, which is about 20 km on the south shore of Lake Xolotlan ( Managua ) entlangziehen. The city has more than one million inhabitants (as of 2012), the agglomeration has a population of 2.1 million even, mainly Spanish-speaking Creoles and whites, making it the largest city in Nicaragua and the second largest city in Central America after Guatemala City. The city has been destroyed several times by earthquakes. The heaviest destroyed in 1972 over 90 percent of the building stock.

The archive of the national literacy campaign, Managua was included in the list of world cultural heritage list by UNESCO in 2007.

  • 2.1 Pre-Columbian history
  • 2.2 Since the 16th century
  • 5.1 traffic
  • 5.2 Education

Geography

Location

Managua is located on the southwestern end of Lake Managua, which is also referred to as Xolotlan Lake. Since the city's sewage are routed directly and untreated into the lake since 1927, this is biologically as good as dead The construction of a funded by the federal government wastewater treatment plant, the largest in Central America, was started in 2004. 2009, the new wastewater treatment plant was inaugurated, for which construction has Germany supported with 25 million euros. Meanwhile, the water quality is better. Clean the lake is still not that there are still mountains of garbage piled up on the shore, which pollute the water with heavy metals.

The urban area of ​​Managua is located at an altitude of 55 m, the neighboring sierras of Managua at an altitude of 970 m. Within the city limits there are four small lagoons: The central is the Tiscapa Lagoon, in a nature reserve is located. The Asososca Lagoon to the west is the most important drinking water reservoir in the city. South of it is the Nejapa Lagoon and in the north- west of the city, the Acahualinca Lagoon.

Geology

The earthquake of December 23, 1972 had a magnitude 5.6 to 6.2.

Climate

In Managua, prevails as in most of the Western Nicaragua except for the Sierras, has a tropical climate. The average annual temperature is 27.3 ° C. in Managua The temperatures are relatively constant 28-32 ° C. The average annual rainfall is 1142 millimeters. Most rain falls in July and in October with an average of 296 and 243 millimeters, the lowest from December to April with an average of less than ten millimeters.

History

Pre-Columbian history

First footsteps of Paleo- Indians dated to the period around 6000 BC They were found in 1872 near the beaches of Lake Managua. Other archaeological traces were found in the form of ceramic remains and statues made ​​of volcanic rock on the island of Zapatera. The Petroglyphs of Ometepe Island dated to the pre-Columbian period.

Since the 16th century

The city was founded in the 16th century and since 1858 the capital of the country. Since she was repeatedly destroyed large parts of earthquakes, similar to the city from above a huge village. So it was destroyed in 1931 for example. The earthquake of December 23, 1972 with a magnitude of 6.2 also cost 5000 lives. Subsequently, the city around the old center, today's Area attempt was monumental, in which the ruins of the cathedral, the National Palace, the Theatre Ruben Dario and the new presidential palace are located, each complete rebuild.

During a banquet in Managua, to the President Sacasa on February 21, 1934 Sandino and his officers had loaded, were murdered by the National Guard Anastasio Somoza García.

Hurricane Mitch in 1998 aimed at heavy destruction.

Policy

Managua maintains twinned with the following cities:

  • Amsterdam ( Netherlands)
  • Caracas ( Venezuela)
  • Curitiba (Brazil )
  • Guatemala City ( Guatemala)
  • Madison (USA)
  • Madrid ( Spain)
  • Havana ( Cuba)
  • Miami ( USA)
  • Montelimar (France)
  • Panama City ( Panama)
  • Quito ( Ecuador)
  • Reims ( France)
  • Rio de Janeiro (Brazil )
  • San José (Costa Rica)
  • San Salvador (El Salvador)
  • Santiago de Chile ( Chile)
  • Taipei (Republic of China ( Taiwan) )
  • Tokyo ( Japan)
  • Valencia (Spain )

Culture and sights

The Plaza de la Revolución is the former Plaza de la República.

The Rubén Darío National Theater is the most important theater in Nicaragua and one of the most modern in Central America. The National Theatre is one of the few buildings that was spared from the earthquake of 1972, in which 90 percent of Managua was destroyed.

The Dennis Martínez National Stadium was the largest stadium in Central America at its construction in 1948. It has survived the 1972 earthquake intact. The number of seats is around 30.010. It is named after Dennis Martínez, who played the first Nicaraguans in Major League Baseball.

Economy and infrastructure

Traffic

In terms of transportation Managua is one of the bestangebundenden cities in Nicaragua. All major pathways of the country lead to Managua. There are good public connections between most of the other cities and the capital. Four highways leading to Managua: The Pan - American Highway connects Managua to the north by the northern and central departments of Nicaragua. The southern highway (Southern Highway), the southern part of the Pan- American highways connects Managua with the southern departments Carazo and Rivas as. Other highways leading into the Department of Masaya and Granada, and to Leon. The infrastructure is relatively well developed in Nicaragua. Compared to other Central American countries, there are few roads impassable.

The city's airport is named Managua International Airport or Aeropuerto Internacional Augusto C. Sandino.

Education

Managua is the administrative center of the department of the same name, is home to the Archbishop seat and Universidad Centroamericana and other universities, National Archives, Library and Museum and the Central American Court of Justice.

The library of a primary school in Managua is named after the German writer Kathe Kollwitz, because of this partnership with the Grammar School located in Langenselbold Käthe -Kollwitz- School.

Personalities

  • Alexis Argüello, Boxer
  • Arnoldo Alemán, 1997-2002 President of Nicaragua
  • Gioconda Belli, writer
  • Barbara Carrera, actress, model
  • Luis Abraham Delgadillo (1887-1961), composer
  • Juan José Estrada (1872-1947), former President of Nicaragua
  • Bianca Jagger, American human rights activist
  • Ricardo Mayorga, Boxer
  • René Schick Gutiérrez (1909-1966), President of Nicaragua 1963-1966
  • Joaquín Zavala (1835-1906), President of Nicaragua 1879-1883 and 1893
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