Neotropical parrot
Sun Parakeets ( Aratinga solstitialis )
The Neuweltpapageien ( Arini ) are a species-rich tribe of the subfamily of authentics parrots. All short-and long-tailed neotropical parrot species are associated with the Arini. In total there are 148 species. The Arini differ from the Parrots of the Old World by various morphological features. Their monophyly is undisputed. Further meaning of the term, see here Arini.
Dissemination
The habitats of the species range from the northwestern and eastern Mexico to Tierra del Fuego, including many islands of the Greater and Lesser Antilles and the Bahamas. By the end of the 19th century, the Neotropical parrots were widespread with the Carolina parakeet even up in the northeastern United States. In Colombia, Venezuela, Peru and Brazil, particularly on the slopes of the eastern Andes, the species richness is particularly high. The habitats of Neotropical parrots are varied, but they range from the lowland rain forests high up into the highlands of the Andes ( 6000m ) and also into the dry forests and thorn bush savannah.
Phylogeny
It is believed that breaking away the Neuweltpapageien already in the late Cretaceous period of the lineage of parrots. The oldest fossil, which was attributed to Neuweltpapageien comes from Nebraska, has an age of 20 million years ago and has been described as Conuropsis fraercula. It is merely an upper arm bone, which is very similar to that of the extinct Carolina parakeet. A much younger Fund, consisting of a skull piece and a left humerus was found in the Argentine province of Buenos Aires. The species was named Cyanoliseus ensenadensis and is closely related to the recent rock parakeet. A fossil representatives of the macaws is Aratinga roosevelti, which was found in Ecuador. The latter two fossil species are about a million years old and thus originate from the Middle Pleistocene.
The genera and species
- Blauaras ( Anodorhynchus )
- Spix 's Macaw ( Cyanopsitta )
- Red-bellied ( Orthopsittaca )
- Kleinaras ( Primolius ) - 3 types Goldnackenara ( Primolius auricollis )
- Illiger ( Primolius maracana )
- Blue headed Macaw ( Primolius couloni )
- Blue-fronted - Zwergara ( Diopsittaca nobilis)
- Brush Parakeet ( Leptosittaca branickii )
- Thick-billed Parrot (R. pachyrhyncha )
- Maron forehead Parakeet ( R. terresi )
- Tepuipapageichen ( N. panychlora )
- Amazonaspapageichen ( N. dachilleae )
- Seven colors parrot or parrot Trinidad ( T. batavica )
- Black-fronted parrot ( T. huetii )
- Rotstirnpapagei ( T. costaricensis )
- Crown Parrot ( T. dilectissimus )
- Purple Parrot tail ( T. purpurata )
- Brown back parrot ( T. melanonotus )
- Gold tail parrot ( T. surda )
- Tüpfelpapagei or brown shoulder parrot ( T. strictoptera )
- Black-headed Parrot ( P. melanocephalus )
- Stainless cap Parrot ( P. leucogaster )
- Scarlet head parrot ( P. pileata )
- Bald head parrot ( P. vulturina ) (syn. Gypopsitta vulturina )
- Naked head parrot ( P. aurantiocephala )
- Cap Parrot ( P. Caica )
- Gold cheeks Parrot ( P. barra bandi )
- Ear blood parrot ( P. haematotis )
- Rosy cheeks Parrot ( P. pulchra )
- Golden-headed Parrot ( P.pyrilla )
- Braun ear parrot (H. melanotis )
- Desmurs dwarf warrior ( H. amazonina )
- Chapmans dwarf warrior ( H. fuertesi )
- Salvins dwarf warrior ( H. pyrrhops )