Niederaltaich Abbey

Monastery Niederaltaich is according to tradition, in 741, founded by Duke Odilo of Bavaria, lying in the community Niederaltaich on the Danube Benedictine monastery dedicated to St. St. Mauritius. The Abbey is a member of the Bavarian Benedictine Congregation.

  • 2.1 organ
  • 2.2 bells of the Basilica
  • 3.1 abbots until the dissolution of the monastery
  • 3.2 abbots in the recent history of the monastery

History

After the founding of the monastery 741 the colonization of the Holy Pirmin was carried out with monks from the Abbey of Reichenau (Lake Constance). Hermann of Reichenau is wrong with the entry of the year 731, the first abbot Eberswind considered to be the editor of the first Bavarian tribal law, the Lex Baiuvariorum.

The monastery cultivated large parts of Lower Bavaria into the territory of the Czech Republic and established 120 settlements in the Bavarian Forest. Under Charlemagne and Louis the German to Advanced possession of the abbey to the Wachau Valley in the Bavarian Ostland. Among the latter was abbot Gozbald ( 825-855 ) Lord Chancellor. He was followed by probably Otgar, who later became Bishop of Eichstätt. 848 received the monastery of the right of free Abtswahl, 857 then the imperial immediacy. The imperial immediacy lost the monastery by the fief award by the Emperor Frederick Barbarossa to the bishopric of Bamberg in 1152 again. Until the secularization Niederaltaich was a closed Hofmark.

About 50 monks were appointed as abbots to monasteries or episcopal sees. A Century of Hungary storms brought decline and conversion to a Monastery. The monastery was 950-990 collegiate.

Under Abbot Gotthard (996-1022) established a new heyday of the monastery. The Holy One, who was with Duke Henry of Bavaria, later Emperor Henry II, support of the monastic reform of his time is probably the most famous abbot of the abbey. He later became Bishop of Hildesheim and is buried there. From 1238 to 1803 the parish church of Spitz was incorporated to the monastery.

1242 took over the Wittelsbach as heirs of the Counts of Bogen, the advocacy of the monastery. Important abbots from this period were Hermann (1242-1273), author of the " Annales Hermanni " and the Reformäbte Weybeck Kilian (1503-1534) and Paul Gmainer ( 1550-1585 ). Vitus Bach Eder, abbot from 1651 to 1666, after the Thirty Years War laid the foundations for the economic prosperity of the monastery in the Baroque period. 1671 burned the whole building down to its perimeter. Only slowly went ahead of reconstruction. 1698 Carlo Antonio Carlone built the tower. Under Abbot Joscio Hamberger (1700-1739) was the design of the baroque monastery and the present church and the establishment of a school. From 1718-1724 Jakob Pawanger led the reconstruction of the Gothic church. 1724 Pawanger was replaced by Johann Michael Fischer, who completed the remodeling of the choir until 1727. The north tower was erected in 1735 to align with the existing tower until 1730.

Niederaltaich until the beginning of the 19th century one of the most powerful monasteries in southern Germany. Three archbishops, eight bishops have emerged from the abbey, 51 monks were ordered as abbots in other monasteries.

With the secularization of the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss the monastery on March 21, 1803 was canceled. The effects caused by a lightning strike church fire in 1813 marked the beginning of the demolition of large parts of the baroque complex. The destroyed tower caps were replaced by tent roofs. The monastery buildings were sold to private individuals. The side chapels of the abbey church, the Gothic cloister and the monastery adjoining tracts and the parish church were demolished. Niederaltaich 1918 was repopulated with the help of a bequest of Niederalteich religion professor Franz Xaver boy farmer from Metten Abbey from new with two Fathers and a lay brother. 1925 a small Latin school was opened with seminar. 1927 brought a significant human magnification with the transferring of the monastic community of the children of friend - Benedictines of Volders / Tirol, including their library for Niederaltaich. In 1932, the monastery church received the papal honor title " basilica minor ". 1949, the monastery under Abbot Emmanuel Maria hay fields became an independent abbey again.

The remaining parts of the baroque monastery were 1953/1954 connected by a new building again and gradually renovated. In 1959, one of the Catholic Landvolkshochschule. 1971-1973 the challenged established since 1946, St. -Gotthard -Gymnasium was expanded to a new building, but the boarding school closed in 1994. 1999 to 2001 the meeting and guest house St. Pirmin was newly expanded in the boarding areas. From 2006 to 2007, the new building of the school was renovated. In the following years to build the St. Gotthard -Gymnasium from an all-day school. Currently live and work about 30 Benedictine monks in the abbey Niederaltaich. Since 2001 Abbot Marianus Bieber (born 1958 ), the fortunes of the monastery. The Abbey is also Altabt Emmanuel Jungclaussen lives (* 1927), which is known by many publications and various meditation classes.

Interior of the abbey church

Today's Abbey businesses

  • Abbey Nursery
  • Monastery Store
  • Monastery Wooden
  • Agriculture
  • Liqueur cellar
  • Painter

Equipment

The interior is completely Baroque and no longer reminiscent of the original Gothic hall church. Nine yokes lead to the high altar. The stucco created Johann Baptist d' Aglio and Sebastian d' Aglio, composed by Franz Josef Holzinger. The vast frescoes painted Wolfgang Andreas Heindl 1719-1732. The high altar was created already in 1703 by Jacob scoop. He stands between choir and nave. The altarpiece by Franz Josef Geiger from 1675 shows the Martyrdom of S.. Mauritius.

Organ

The first organ with two manuals and 27 registers was built in 1727 by Caspar King. The present organ dates from 1985, it was re- built by the organ builder Georg Jann behind the historical prospectus. The instrument has 48 registers, four manuals and pedal. The tracker action are mechanical.

Bells of the Basilica

Abbots

Abbots until the dissolution of the monastery

  • Eberswind, 741 to 768
  • Wolf Bert I. to 768 - to 788
  • Urolfus ( Fulradus ) to 788-814/815
  • Teutpold, 815 - to 822
  • Ottgar I. to 822-847
  • Gotzbald, 847-855
  • Ottgar II, 855-881
  • Bert Wolf II
  • Eberswind II
  • Grimald
  • Ottbald
  • Chunibert
  • Egilolph - 890
  • Aaron at 890 -
  • ( Destruction and transformation in a Monastery )
  • Exchambert, 990-997
  • Gotthard, 997-1022
  • Wolfram I., 1022-1027
  • Ratmund, 1027-1049
  • Dietmar I., 1049-1055
  • Adelhard, 1055-1062
  • Wenceslaus, 1062-1069
  • Walker ( Walther ), 1069-1098
  • Tungsten II, 1098-1100
  • Rupert II, 1100-1118
  • Luitpold, 1118-1131
  • Adalfried, 1131-1143
  • Conrad I, 1143-1150
  • Boleslaw, 1150-1160
  • Dietrich, 1160 -?
  • Gerhard, ? -?
  • Wolsgalkus ( Volsthalkus ) - ca 1173
  • Ulrich, 1173-1179
  • Dietmar II, 1179-1202
  • Poppo I, 1202-1229
  • Berthold, 1229
  • Conrad II, 1229-1232
  • Dietmar III. , 1232-1242
  • Hermann, 1242-1272
  • Albinus, 1272-1279
  • Volkmar, 1280-1282
  • Poppo II, 1282-1289
  • Wernhard, 1289-1317
  • Friederich, 1317-1322
  • Ruger of Degenberg, 1323-1335
  • Otto I de Turri, 1335-1343
  • Peter I, 1343-1361
  • Otto II, 1361-1367
  • Altmann (Hermann), 1367-1402
  • John I, 1402-1415
  • John II, 1415-1434
  • Erhard of Reitorner, 1434-1452
  • Albert Tanner, 1452-1454
  • Peter II, 1454-1467
  • Wolfgang Pausinger, 1467-1475
  • Frederick II, 1475-1491
  • Johann III. Simerl, 1491-1503
  • Kilian I. (Andreas ) Weybeck, 1503-1534
  • Viktor rascals, 1534-1536
  • Kaspar Leitgeb, 1536-1546
  • Mathias Denscherz, 1546-1550
  • Paul Gmainer, 1550-1585
  • Augustin I. (Christoph ) Strobl, 1585-1592
  • Quirin ( Balthasar ) Grass Auer, 1592-1593
  • Bernhard III. Hilz, 1593-1619
  • Johann Heinrich IV, 1619-1634
  • Johann V. Grünwald, 1634-1648
  • Tobias Gmainer, 1648-1651
  • Vitus Bach Eder, 1651-1667
  • Placidus I. (Christoph ) Krammer, 1667-1672
  • Adalbert ( Mathias ) Guggomos, 1672-1700
  • Joscio ( Kaspar Benno ) Hamberger, 1700-1739
  • Marianus ( George Albert) Pusch, 1739-1746
  • Francis of Dyrnhard, 1746-1751
  • Ignatz I. ( Lorenz ) Lanz, 1751-1764
  • Augustin II (Johann Baptist ) Ziegler, 1764-1775
  • Ignaz Krenauer II, 1775-1799
  • Kilian II Kubitz, 1799-1803

Abbots in the recent history of the monastery

  • Gislar Stieber, 1930-1937 (1934 )
  • Corbinian Hofmeister of Metten as abbot Administrator, 1934-1949
  • Emmanuel Maria hay fields from Schaeftlarn, 1934-1949 Prior, 1949-1968 Abbot
  • Ansgar Ahlbrecht, 1968-1970
  • Placidus II Came, 1970-1989
  • Emmanuel Jungclaussen, 1989-2001
  • Marianus Bieber, since 2001

Ecumenism

Niederaltaich is from the ecumenical goal of the monastery out a monastery with two church traditions ( " rites "). Some of the monks pray and live according to the Roman, one part at a Byzantine Rite.

By Pope Pius XI. was the Benedictines in 1924 with the task to make known theology and piety of the Christian East in the West.

The " Divine Liturgy " ( Eucharist ) and the Liturgy of the Hours are celebrated by the monks in German language. For this, the liturgical texts from Church Slavonic and Greek were translated.

1986 of the Byzantine rite was a church and a chapel set up in the wing of the former monastery brewery, which are both dedicated to St. Nicholas the bishop of Myra for the celebration. The altar room is separated from the nave by a respective iconostasis. The further development of the church and the chapel with icons reminiscent of the churches of Russia and Greece.

Order of Saint Benedict Bavarian Congregation Gotthard of Hildesheim Minor basilica Bay (architecture) Gunther of Bohemia Plankstetten Abbey Braunau in Rohr Abbey Wechselburg Priory
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