Nysa KÅ‚odzka

The Glatzer Neisse (red)

The Nysa Kłodzka ( German: Glatzer Neisse or Silesian Neisse ) is a left- side tributary of the Oder in the Polish Lower Silesian Voivodeship.

Course

It rises at Mountain Ash in Thandorf ( Jodłów ) in Śnieżnik Mountains, part of the Sudetes on the border of Poland to the Czech Republic. It is 195 km long, flowing through the towns Mittelwalde ( Międzylesie ) Habelschwerdt ( Bystrzyca Kłodzka ) and Glatz ( Kłodzko ) and then first runs eastward. Other towns along the river are Patschkau ( Paczków ) Ottmachau ( Otmuchów ) Neisse (Nysa ), lions ( Lewin Brzeski ) and Schurgast ( Skorogoszcz ). Finally it flows south-east of Brieg ( Brzeg ) into the Oder near the village of Riebnig ( Rybna ).

There are two dams on the Glatzer Neisse. The Jezioro Otmuchowskie (also Jezioro Zaporowe; German dams Ottmachau ) with a size of 20 km ² was built in 1926-1932. The Jezioro Nyskie (also Jezioro Głębinowskie; German reservoir of Neisse ) with 22 km ² water surface was built in 1971, among other elements the places Głębinów ( Glumpenau ) Roßhof and forger Niki (copper hammer ) were flooded.

Plans laying down the river course as German -Polish border

The Glatzer Neisse was during the Second World War between the Allies temporarily as a future border between Poland and Germany in the conversation. This would have meant the whereabouts of a large part of Silesia, including the provincial capital of Breslau in Germany.

Due to the requirement for the Curzon Line as the western border of the Soviet Union on the London-based Polish government in exile claimed by the Soviet rulers Joseph Stalin, the government in exile developed turn the idea of ​​Poland's western border along the Oder and Neisse, without, however, on the eastern territories wanting to Poland waived by the state from 1 September 1939. British Prime Minister Winston Churchill pointed to the Tehran conference his consent to Stalin's plans by marking the post-war borders of Poland with the help of three matches. Since the boundaries of the new government in exile refused their consent, Stalin created a fait with the installation of the Lublin Committee as the Polish government. In a secret agreement of 26 July 1944, Government recognized the Curzon Line and introduced the requirement for a future western border along the Oder and Neisse. At the Yalta Conference, the new eastern border of Poland was recognized by the Allies, but still no agreement on the future western border because of the expulsion and thereunder Direction problems. The Western Allies had initially assumed by the German eastern borders of 1937, but soon accepted the separation of East Prussia, Silesia and Pomerania.

Assuming the formation of a bourgeois-democratic Polish state and free elections voted Britain and the United States in October 1944 finally reluctantly, not to orient the course of Poland's western border on the Glatzer, but the Lusatian Neisse and with almost all of Silesia will polish to leave. Churchill expressed his concerns by saying: " One should the Polish goose not cram so full of German food that they get abdominal pain. " These interim German -Polish border was first affixed to the Potsdam Conference in 1945 by the GDR in 1950 in Görlitz agreement and 1970, recognized by the Federal Republic of Germany during the Ostpolitik of Chancellor Willy Brandt, then finally after the reunification of Germany in 1990 (see Oder- Neisse line ).