Official (ice hockey)

Officials worry in ice hockey for the proper and regular conformal flow of the game or the tournament. This includes the term "Official " on the one hand that are on the ice referee, the so-called " game official " and the other, the so-called " off- ice officials " from which composed the judges.

  • 4.1 Europe
  • 4.2 North America

Game Official

International practice is the game with three game officials, including a main referee, identified by red or orange, 8 inch bracelets on the upper part of the sleeves, and two linesmen. In some organizations, however, also played with two referees, both of which assume the function of the Chief Judge. In the NHL, however, is a system with two main referees and two linesmen application. The IIHF is considering to adopt this system, which is being tested in several leagues, such as the DEL or the Austrian Hockey League in the play-off games. However, the full conversion of the entire league, including the main round failed in many countries so far on the number of available main referee.

Chief Judge

The Chief Judge is responsible for the overall direction of the game and the final decision in case of disagreement between the officials. The recognition of doors and the imposition of penalties is reserved for him, where he can be advised by the linesmen.

Linesman

The Linesmen are primarily responsible for offsides or icing situations. In addition, they usually lead by the Bullys. Unlike other sports can interrupt the game by blowing the whistle in ice hockey, a linesman, if it finds certain rule violations. If the Chief Judge not to be present at the time of achievement of a goal in the third game, also can the linesman present also recognize the target.

Special features in lower leagues

In lower leagues in Germany, for example in the area of the Bavarian Ice Sports Federation, and in the second to fourth division leagues of Switzerland is partially played with two game officials. In this case, both referees have the rights of the main line as the arbitrator.

Off- Ice Officials

The referees will be the judges, consisting of a play and penalty timekeeper, two penalty carers and the announcer supported.

Since the season 2004/ 05 players, coaches or other may be subject to penalties on the players' bench persons present at certain infringements against the judges.

Also more off-ice official are still used in international matches, including a goal judge, a video goal judge for control of disputed goal scenes and judges who decide which player a goal or an assist is awarded.

Professional referees

Worldwide, there are at most hockey referees to referee amateur who engage with it in addition to their activity on the ice yet other professions.

In North America, for many years professional referees are used in the National Hockey League, however, which are also organized in a special interest group, the " National Hockey League Officials ' Association ". There was in the German Ice Hockey League since its establishment in 1994 with Petr Chvatal a first professional referees. Chvatal had his career after the 2004/ 05 season but quit because he has reached the age limit. Since the end of October 2005, DEL has with the American Rick Looker, the games initiated already at the World Championship series, their first foreign professional referees. For the season 2006/07 season, a second professional referee was with Frank Awizus ordered, followed by Daniel Piechaczek end of 2006, and Georg Jablukov in January 2008. Since January 2011, the former DEL 's Lars Brüggemann counts among the professional referee in the DEL.

In the Swiss National League A is available with Brent Reiber, Danny Kurmann and Stéphane Rochette, Daniel Stricker, Stefan Eichmann and Didier Massy six professional referee, which also all have already been used several times in a A World Championship. Kurmann and collectors also came at the Olympics used.

Known Ice Hockey Official

Europe

  • René Fasel - today IIHF President
  • Danny Kurmann - professional ice hockey referee Switzerland
  • Petr Chvatal - first DEL professional referee
  • Quido Adamec - Czech referee (since 2005 a member of the IIHF Hall of Fame )
  • Rick Looker - the first foreign DEL professional referees, at World Championships and Olympic Games
  • Josef Kompalla - since 2003 a member of the IIHF Hall of Fame.
  • Gerd Lichtenecker - umpire of the DEB, formerly DEL and IIHF Referee
  • Bernd Schnieder - Member Hall of Fame Germany, young leader of the Young Iserlohn Roosters since 2006

North America

In North America, are popular referees and linesmen that stand by consistent and good, was honored with induction into the Hockey Hall of Fame. This applied so far following referees:

  • Neil P. Armstrong
  • John G. Ashley
  • Bill Chadwick
  • John D' Amico
  • E. S. " Chaucer " Elliott
  • George Hayes
  • Bobby Hewitson
  • Mickey Ion
  • Matt Pavelich
  • Mike Rodden
  • Cooper Smeaton
  • Red Storey
  • Frank Udvari
  • Andy van Bright Moon

IIHF Referee Exchange Program

→ Main article: IIHF Referee Exchange Program

At the referee exchange program of the International Ice Hockey Federation IIHF since the 2004/ 05 season is attended by seven best European hockey federations. Any member nominated for the 2007/ 08 season three - previously two - its arbitrator, then forward the game in the other leagues. Thus, the Ice Hockey World Association tries to unify the interpretation of the rules in the leagues. Two of the participating referees each country should whistle at least two games during the season in any other league. They are supported by two local linesmen and evaluated by a local observer also. The respective third umpire will only be used alternatively.

Icing (ice hockey) 2004–05 Deutsche Eishockey Liga season 2006–07 DEL season Ice hockey at the Olympic Games
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