Okhotsk
Okhotsk (Russian Охотск ) is an urban-type settlement with a seaport in Khabarovsk (Russia) with 4215 inhabitants (as of October 14, 2010 ).
Geography
The settlement is located at the mouths of rivers and Ochota Kuchtui in the Sea of Okhotsk, good 1600 kilometers north of the regional capital Khabarovsk.
Okhotsk is the administrative center of the homonymous Rajons Okhotsk, the northern of the Khabarovsk region.
History
The town was founded in 1647 as a Cossack winter camp and was the first Russian settlement on the Pacific coast. 1649 a Ostrog was built.
1731 was created under the direction of António Manuel de Vieira (Russian Anton Manuilowitsch Dewijer, also Devier ), a Portuguese in temporarily high Russian state and military services, a harbor and began the construction of the city proper, like the sea to the river Ochota was named. Okhotsk was for more than 100 years to the most important and first single Russian Pacific port and main base of the Russian - American Company for fishing and fur trade. It was, among other things starting point for two expeditions of Vitus Bering in the Bering Strait and Alaska.
In 1783, the city administrative center for the whole of that time the Russian Far East as part of the governorship Irkutsk. 1812, the town was moved to the opposite side of the Kuchtui, 1849 the administrative center of a okrugs of that Yakut Oblast, and from 1858 finally one okrugs of Primorye oblast.
1850 Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky was declared the main Russian Pacific port; 1858 was the connection of the Amur - Ussuri region and to the Russian Empire; there are also climatically favorable port cities located Nikolaievsk and especially Vladivostok emerged a little later. These events Okhotsk lost its former importance and, therefore, of the town right in the middle of the 19th century.
In the Russian Civil War Okhotsk until June 1923 occupied by " white " or Japanese troops.
In the Soviet era, importance and population grew with the development of the fishing industry first again, so that in 1949 the status of an urban-type settlement was awarded. With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the subsequent economic crisis in the 1990s, however, left more than half of the inhabitants of the place.
Demographics
Note: Census data
Economy and infrastructure
Main sectors of the economy, despite the decline in the 1990s (now seasonal ) fishing and port industries; Rajon in gold and silver mining is operated for the Okhotsk is a logistical base.
On the land route is Okhotsk, apart from heavy passable, unpaved routes, unreachable. In addition to the harbor, the settlement has a regional airport ( ICAO code Uhoo ), which is served by Dalavia of Khabarovsk.