Ordu
Template: Infobox city in Turkey / Maintenance / County
Ordu ( Turkish for " Army / Army ", Greek Κοτύωρα, transcription: Kotyora, Armenian Օրդու, Orti ) is the capital of the Turkish province of Ordu. The city is picturesquely nestled in a small bay on the eastern Black Sea coast and has more than 147,000 inhabitants.
Geography
Ordu is located on a long, rocky stretch of beach on the coast highway E 70, about 60 kilometers east of Ünye and 50 kilometers west of Giresun. The village is dominated on the west by 550 meters high, green mountain with dense forests Boztepe. The landscape of the Black Sea region between Ünye and Giresun is mainly known for its hazelnut farms and forests. The hazelnut production is the main economic factor for the city.
Through the town leads along the Black Sea coast in the direction of the next largest cities Samsun highway, about 150 kilometers to the west, and Trabzon, 180 kilometers to the east. Ordu has a small harbor where large ships can make stopover.
Among the citizens of the city lovingly Küçük Paris ("Little Paris " ) is called, as draws a close network of winding roads through the city and showy, in part, slender building constructions belong to the city.
Etymology
Ordu means " army " in the Turkish language. The name could have been given to the city during the 15th century, due to its importance as the Ottoman base. Alternatively, the name could also be derived from the Greek Kotyora.
Ordu was also the name given to the tent in the Turkish and Mongolian tribes. The German term " Horde " is borrowed from the Polish horda, this in turn Tatar urdu on Turkish ordu out, " camp", compare urmak, " beat ".
History
According to legend, the Argonauts should already have landed on their journey to Colchis here. The earliest archaeological finds from the area of Ordu date from around 1500 BC The city was founded by immigrants from Kotyora the Milesian colony of Sinope. Arrian, Diodorus and Ptolemy mention the city in their reports. Various " establishment data " in the 8th and 7th centuries BC are called. mention. Kotyora thus became part of the chain of Greek colonies along the Black Sea coast, which were inhabited by the ancient Aegean city of Miletus. The ancient Kotyora was the place where Xenophon's Greeks ( march of the Ten Thousand ) rested 45 days before they left for Asia. To 180 BC Kotyora part of the Kingdom of Pontus was under King Pharnakes. In the Byzantine era, the population seems to have shrunk.
1095 to 1175 there was the Danishmends Dynasty. 1883 destroyed the city a major fire. In the 19th century Ordu was briefly under Russian occupation.
Until 1800 Ordu was a small harbor, which was inhabited mainly by Pontic Greeks. The population grew rapidly during this century, due to the laws of the Ottoman sultan, to settle more nomadic Turks clans in the region.
After the Russo- Turkish War (1877-1878) the population grew again, because many Turks fled from the now Russian- controlled Caucasus regions and Georgia to the Turkish Black Sea coast.
After the Greeks persecution in the Ottoman Empire 1914-1923, the surviving Pontic Greeks 1922/23, were expelled.
Population
Today the population consists of Turks, some Georgians ( Turkish Gürcüler ), Muslim Armenians ( Hemşinliler called ) and a very small community of descendants of the Greeks, who refused to leave the region.
Cityscape
The coastal road E 70 is, within the urban area Atatürk Bulvarı, west to the central square of this street borders a market hall. The city center is characterized by pedestrian zones with modern residential and commercial buildings. Houses from the Ottoman period are hardly available. The oldest buildings date from the 19th century. In the center an Armenian church was rededicated to a cultural center.
A university founded in 2006, is also located in the city. On the excursion mountain Boztepe performs, completed in 2011, more than two kilometers long cable car.
The restored Greek Orthodox Taşbaşı Church from 1853 is above the main road towards Samsun. It was used for a time as a prison and originally served probably as a parish church for the feast Hypapante of the Orthodox Churches. After a conversion, see it today instead of cultural events. The building has on all four sides two circumferential rows of windows with flat Bogenwülsten. The longitudinal walls are divided by pilasters, which open at the eaves in a cornice, in five panels, the gable ends in three areas. The cornice is continued on the gables.
The construction work on the airport Ordu - Giresun began in July 2011 on an artificial island in the sea 15 kilometers east of the city. He expected to be completed in 2014.
Economy and Politics
The city is the center of a large hazelnut industry, for example Sagra ( one of the largest hazelnut processors and exporters ) and Fiskobirlik ( largest hazelnut co-operative in the world).
Culture
The local music tradition is typical of the Black Sea region. The most common instrument is the Kemençe.
The cuisine is influenced Turkish and Georgian. Typical are fish and cabbage dishes. Local specialties include:
- Hazelnut Products, nougat, chocolate
- Hamsi, Turkish anchovy
- Pancar CORBA, cabbage soup
- Misir Ekmek, corn bread
- Su borek, flaky pastry with cheese filling
Sports
In Ordu Ordu is the 19 Eylül Stadyumu, home stadium of the football club Orduspor.
Famous people
- Hatice Aksoy - Woinek, author
- Mehmet Hilmi Güler, Minister of Energy
- Cevat Güler, coach of Galatasaray
- Ertuğrul Günay, Minister of Culture and Tourism
- Ömer Kılıç, football player
- Gülbahar Kültür, writer
- Ercan Özçelik, actor
- Fikri Sönmez, politicians
- Kemal Yıldırım, football player and coach
Twin Cities
- Georgia Batumi, Georgia (2010)