Ornithology

Ornithology ( altgr. ὄρνῑθ [ órnῑth -] strain of ὄρνις [ ornis ] - " bird" - and λόγος [ lógos ], " term" ) or Ornithology is the branch of zoology that deals with the birds ( Aves) - with around 10,000 species one of the most species-rich classes of vertebrates - is involved. These include physiology, taxonomy, ecology or behavior (including the calls and migratory behavior ) of the birds. One particular area of ​​work of Ornithology is the study of bird migration, for example, using the guides. The history of scientific ornithology is closely linked, at least in the 20th century in Germany with the bird protection or conservation.

In ornithology numerous amateur ornithologists working alongside full-time scientists who have made ​​significant contributions to understanding the biology of individual species, groups of species or Regionalfaunen part and still afford.

  • 4.1 External links

Some areas of work of Ornithology

  • Systematics and Taxonomy of Birds Relationships to related class of reptiles; Classification of birds
  • Organization ornithological Museums ( Museology )
  • Bird farms of the food industry
  • Terms of birds in the economy ( eg pet shops, tourism, carrier pigeons ... )
  • Birds as a mediator of diseases such as avian influenza ( veterinary medicine)

History and organization of Ornithology

As the founder of ornithology in Europe applies Johann Friedrich Naumann (1780-1857) from Köthen (Anhalt) with his 12 -volume magnum opus "Natural History of the Birds of Germany" ( 1820-1844 ). This describes the foundation of modern ornithology and arranges all field, forest and water birds of the former Duchy of Anhalt and beyond.

Even Christian Ludwig Brehm (1787-1864), known as the "Bird's Pastor " and the father of Alfred Brehm, was in the middle of the 19th century, with its collection of 9,000 copies at much on the taxonomy of birds. These experiences and Expeditions results of the Son were received in the 10 -volume Encyclopedia of zoological standard Brehm's Animal Life.

Bernard Altum (1824-1900) formulated the first theory to district formation in birds and their territorial behavior, but he also took into account the function of birdsong.

Hans Freiherr von Berlepsch (1857-1933) established the scientific Birds. He systematically optimized artificial nest boxes in terms of microclimate and the reduction of pollution and damage caused by water and suggested the installation of bird trees.

Organizations for Ornithology

  • German Ornithologists' Society
  • American Ornithologists ' Union
  • British Ornithologists ' Union
  • Ornithological Museum ( Hanover, Köthen and others)
  • Ornithological departments of Natural History Museums
  • Ornithological departments at University Departments of Zoology
  • Ornithological departments Zoological Gardens
  • Bird Park ( Marlow, Walsrode )
  • Bird Wait projects in natural parks or national parks
  • EU and state conservation
  • Ornithological clubs, bird zoological societies such as BirdLife or the governing body of the State in

Significant ornithologists

Ornithology (composition) Anatomy Range (biology) Bird conservation Phylogenetics Field (agriculture) Natural science Weltvogelpark Walsrode Bird observatory Nature park BirdLife International James Bond (ornithologist) George Edwards (naturalist) Conrad Gessner Johannes Thienemann William Turner (naturalist) John Todd Zimmer
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