Pieter Brueghel the Younger

Pieter Brueghel the Younger ( also Breughel or Breugel; * 23 May to 10 October 1564 Brussels, † March-April 1638 Antwerp ), called de Helse Brueghel or Höllenbrueghel was a brabantischer genre painter. He appeared in the period of transition from late Renaissance to the early Baroque.

Life

The future artist was the son of the painter Pieter Bruegel the Elder (1525-1569) and his wife Mayken, a daughter of Pieter Coecke van Aelst in the still existing house in Hoogstraat 132 in Brussels Marolles district. There he spent his childhood, together with the later Samtbrueghel mentioned younger brother Jan Brueghel the Elder and a sister named Marie. At the age of five years, the boy lost his father, and thus can not be trained by this contrary to popular belief. According to Karel van Mander the young Brueghel in Antwerp, where his presence is attested since 1578, was placed at the landscape painter Gillis van Coninxloo ( 1544-1607 ) in teaching.

In 1585 he is listed as an independent master in the books of the Guild of St. Luke in Antwerp. He entertained in Antwerp a larger studio, where temporarily be brother Jan and worked according to the guild books from 1588 to 1626 nine assistants were employed.

Pieter Brueghel the Younger died in 1638 at the age of 73 or 74 years. In the same year died his wife Elisabeth Goddelet, whom he had married on November 5, 1588. The latter bore him seven children, including the later painter Pieter III. Brueghel.

Work

The painter bestowed nickname Höllenbrueghel based on a mistake made ​​in earlier times the attribution incurred in the early years of the 17th century small-sized hell scenes that are now associated with the work of his brother in January ( Samtbrueghel ).

The work of Pieter Brueghel the Younger is divided into

  • Paintings by existing or known but lost originals Pieter Bruegel the Elder ( the vast majority of the work),
  • Painting in the manner of Pieter Bruegel the Elder, for which an original of the latter could not be tracked,
  • Some ascribed to his own compositions.

Van Mander described in 1604 the then forty -year-old painter as a good copyist of his father's works. This extensive and impressive, almost standard made ​​in the first half of the work -time work is due to the tradition of image content and composition of different now lost works Pieter Bruegel the Elder. It comprises a large part of the work, however, lack the large landscape compositions of the five month pictures. In addition, continued Pieter the Younger also drawings and prints of his father in oil painting to. These copies, or more or less different imitations from the studio of Pieter Brueghel the Younger corresponded to the strong demand for the works of Pieter the Elder. There are 13 copies of the Census at Bethlehem known more of the preaching of John the Baptist, more of Netherlandish Proverbs, the peasant wedding, etc. remains largely unclear which among other things, on the occasion of the exhibition " L' Entreprise Brueghel " (2002) at the Brussels Royal Museum posed of Ancient Art question, what proportion had Pieter the Younger in his studio actually in production, and according to what the popular templates and even then no longer family-owned his father's works were copied. Numerous museums in many countries preserve paintings from the Antwerp studio.

For more in the manner of Pieter the Elder executed paintings, such as the Adoration of the Magi in the Snow (36 variants, including 6 dated and signed ), which also varied deviations are observed, or the farmers' lawyer, was a corresponding work of the Father, which could have served as a template, to avoid detection.

Selections

  • ?: The Census at Bethlehem ( De folk stelling te Bethlehem ), by Pieter Brueghel the Elder, Lille, Palais des Beaux -Arts
  • ?: The Netherlandish Proverbs, by Pieter Brueghel the Elder, Antwerp, Rockox house
  • 1559: The dispute with the carnival of Lent, by Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Vienna, Kunsthistorisches Museum
  • 1608: Rural scene, Turin, Galleria Sabauda
  • 1616: The Good Shepherd, Brussels
  • ?: The Adoration of the Magi in the Snow (L' Adoration des mages sous la neige ), National Gallery in Prague
  • 1621: The Tax Collector's Office, Ghent, Museum of Fine Arts
  • ?: The Alchemist, oil on wood, 68.8 × 96 cm, auction Lempertz, 2010
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