Plucheeae

Pluchea indica

The Tribe Plucheeae belongs to the subfamily herbaceous within the sunflower family ( Asteraceae). It contains about 27-28 plant genera and 219-220 species.

Dissemination

The taxa of the tribe Plucheeae are located in both the Old World and New World. It is lacking in Europe. There are taxa throughout the Neotropics, Africa, Asia, and Australia. They thrive mostly in tropical and subtropical areas. Some species are neophytes in many countries around the world.

The genus Rhodogeron occurs only in Cuba. In Peru, four genera ( Pluchea, Pseudoconyza, Pterocaulon, Tessaria ) occur with only about seven species. In North America, three genera occur with about twelve species.

Description

There are annual to perennial herbaceous plants or woody plants: subshrubs, shrubs or small trees. The rare basal rosettes or mostly distributed in the stem, usually alternate, rarely almost opposite constantly arranged leaves are petiolate or sessile divided and usually simple or rarely. The leaf margins are smooth, perforated, cut or lobed.

The basket- shaped inflorescences are usually composed of branched, doldentraubigen, total paniculate inflorescences; only Sachsia they are individually. The flower heads are usually disk-shaped. 12 to about 30, more or less different in shape and size bracts stand together in mostly three to more than six rows; their margins and / or tips are usually much paper-like. The flat to convex inflorescence soil is mostly hairless. In the basket- shaped inflorescence usually are only tubular flowers. Probably only at Sachsia there at the edge whitish, female, zygomorphe flowers with a "tongue" that ends with three Kronzähnen. All flowers are usually pink to purple, sometimes whitish, rarely yellow. At the edge are usually one, rarely two or more rows zygomorpher ray florets, so-called ray florets; they are mostly female and fertile, there are also functionally male flowers. The radial symmetry tubular flowers are usually bisexual and fertile, all with mostly four, rarely five corolla lobes. The anthers are usually skipped more or less at their base and have appendages. At the pen no appendages are usually recognizable.

All achenes of fructification are mostly the same and smooth or ribbed. In this tribe is usually a pappus available from most bearded until rare feathery Pappusborsten or free up overgrown shed in one to two rows.

System

The Tribe Plucheeae and Gnaphalieae were spun off from the once much larger tribe Inuleae. The Tribe Plucheeae was reactivated in 1989 by Arne A. Anderberg, in Canadian Journal of Botany, 67, 2293.

Alphabetical list of species (selection)

The Tribe Plucheeae contains about 27-28 genera and 219-220 species:

  • Blumeopsis Gagnep. With the only kind: Blumeopsis flava ( DC.) Gagnepain: In tropical Asia: Bhutan, China, India, Indonesia, Malaysia, Myanmar, Pakistan, Thailand and Vietnam.
  • Litogyne gariepina ( DC.) Anderb.
  • Pseudoconyza viscosa (Mill.) D' Arcy: Occurs in Central America, Africa and Asia.
  • Tessaria integrifolia Ruiz & Pavón: It is a common to Argentina from Central America tree.

Swell

  • Theodore M. Barkley, Luc Brouillet & John L. Strother: Asteraceae in the Flora of North America, Volume 21, p 415: Description of the tribe Plucheeae. (English )
  • Arne A. Anderberg: Taxonomy and phylogeny of the tribe Plucheeae ( Asteraceae), in Plant Systematics and Evolution. 176, 1991, pp. 145-177.
  • Arne A. Anderberg. Tribe Plucheeae, pp. 292-303, in K. Bremer (editor) Asteraceae, Cladistics and Classification, Timber Press, Portland, Oregon, 1994.
  • L. Hong, J. Trusty, R. Oviedo, Arne A. Anderberg & J. Francisco - Ortega: Molecular phylogenetics of the Caribbean genera Rhodogeron and Sachsia ( Asteraceae), in the International Journal of Plant Sciences, 165, 2004, p. 209-217.
  • Arne A. Anderberg. Doellia to be overlooked genus in the Asteraceae - Plucheeae in Willdenowia, 25, 1995, pp. 19-24.
  • Information about the tribe Plucheeae in Flora of Pakistan. (English )
  • J. L. Panero & V.A. Funk: The value of sampling anomalous taxa in phylogenetic studies: Major clades of the Asteraceae revealed, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 47 (2 ), 2008, pp. 757-782.
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