Primulaceae

Stemless cowslip (Primula vulgaris - hybrids )

The plant family Primulaceae ( Primulaceae ) belongs to the order of the heather -like ( Ericales ) within the angiosperms. Primrose can be found worldwide from the permafrost zone to the tropics.

Description

There are herbaceous plants or woody plants. The herbaceous species are rarely annual, mostly persistent and form rhizomes or tubers than outlasting or stolons. The woody plants have a wide range of growth forms of semi- shrubs on shrubs to trees and lianas. Some taxa contain colored latex in schizogenous channels.

The leaves are alternate and spirally or opposite, often distributed in basal rosettes or arranged on the stem ( phyllotaxis ). The stalked or sessile leaves are usually simple. On the leaf blades are often dark dots or lines of glands. The leaf margins may be smooth to toothed. Stipules absent.

The flowers appear singly or in differently shaped inflorescences. The hermaphrodite, radial symmetry flowers are usually fünfzählig ( three to neunzählig ) and with double perianth. The green sepals are fused. The petals are usually grown together under ( Sympetalie ); at Glaux they are missing; in some taxa, the petals are divided into two more or less deep. There are one or two circles with usually five free stamens present. Five carpels are fused into a most superior ovaries. The ovary contains several to many ovules in free central placentation. It is a pen available with a scar. Heterostyly is frequent. Pollination is by insects ( entomophily ).

The most frequent flower formula applies:

There fruit capsules are usually formed that contain a rare, usually two to 100 oil -bearing seeds.

Many primroses produce as glandular secretion primin the benzoquinone derivative, which can cause skin irritation on contact.

Systematics and distribution

The valid first publication of the Primulaceae family name was in 1797 by August Batsch in Moritz Balthasar Borkhausen: Botanical Dictionary, 2, p 240 The publication of Étienne Pierre Ventenat is often quoted, but it was not until 1799 in Tableau du Vegetal selon la méthode de Regne Jussieu, 2, p 285 type genus Primula L. is.

S. L. Primulaceae worldwide distribution of the permafrost zone to the tropics.

Within the order of the Ericales Primulaceae are a sister group Ebenaceae and these two are the closest Sapotaceae.

The Primulaceae family has often been restructured and the number of species varies widely in machining operations. The latest view of the family after APG III includes all taxa formerly in the order of Primulales Lindl. were asked. Stevens therefore treated the earlier families in the rank of subfamilies.

Today the family of Primulaceae contains S. L. 58 genera with about 2590 species. The Primulaceae in its broad scope family into four subfamilies divided ( to the genera see there):

• Subfamily Maesoideae: it contains only one genus with about 150 woody species in the Paläotropis: Maesa

Swell

• The Primulaceae in the APWebsite family. (Sections systematics and description)
• The Primulaceae at DELTA family - not the same scale as in the APG III. ( Description section )
• Qiming Hu & Sylvia Kelso: Primulaceae, pp. 39 - text Registered as printed work, In: Wu Zheng -yi and Peter H. Raven (eds.): Flora of China, Volume 15 - Myrsinaceae through Loganiaceae, Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 1996. ISBN 0-915279-37-1 ( section description)