Princess Charlotte Amalie of Hesse-Philippsthal
Charlotte Amalie of Hesse- Philippsthal ( born August 11, 1730 in Philip (Werra ), † September 7, 1801 in Meiningen, Germany ) was Duchess and 1763-1782 Regent of Saxe- Meiningen.
Life
Charlotte Amalie was a daughter of the Landgrave Charles I of Hesse- Philippsthal and his wife Princess Christine of Saxe- Eisenach. 1750, it was 20 -year-old married to 43 years older Herzog Anton Ulrich von Sachsen- Meiningen, which they gave eight children.
The Duke Charlotte Amalie certain testamentary guardian, as the sole Landesregentin and their sons. Anton Ulrich had retired before the family quarrels to Frankfurt am Main and lived there with his family. After the death of her husband she traveled first to Philippstal to an imperial decision to be seen of them confirmed as a guardian of. In Meiningen even talked at that time, in anticipation of inheritance, the Gotha relatives. Following the adoption of the decision and its confirmation as regent and Obervormünderin, she could move to Meiningen.
When she took over the regency in 1763, the country was economically and financially ruined. With streamline reforms and austerity measures, economic reconstruction and promotion of the spiritual life, it is considered the " savior of the Duchy ." The use of new ministers as Adolf Gottlieb von Eyben the central administration could again work effectively within a year. With a sophisticated savings and Analysis System at the courtly Finance made her an Emperor Joseph II attention to themselves, which they ordered the Director of the Commission for the debit even more hopeless indebted Duchy of Saxe -Hildburghausen.
Since both sons were eligible for communal government, they gave their government completely until 1782 with the coming of age of George I.. Since 1775 they had ruled jointly with her eldest son Charles.
Their reign was the breakthrough of enlightened absolutism in Saxony- Meiningen, in which sense they had raised their children. Thus was founded under its protection, named after their Masonic Lodge Charlotte at the three cloves. She was not in the royal crypt, but according to their desire, buried in the town cemetery.
Progeny
From their marriage, Charlotte Amalie had the following children:
- Charlotte (1751-1827)
- Luise (1752-1805)
- Elisabeth (1753-1754)
- Karl (1754-1782), Duke of Saxe- Meiningen
- Friedrich Franz (1756-1761)
- Friedrich Wilhelm (1757-1758)
- George I (1761-1803), Duke of Saxe- Meiningen
- Amalie (1762-1798)