Principality of Serbia (medieval)
Raszien ( Serbo-Croatian Рашка / Raška, lat Rascia, outdated or even Ratzen Raizen ) and Raška is a geographic region between Serbia and Montenegro. In the Middle Ages there existed the Serbian Principality Raszien after the region was named.
Location
Raszien lay in the space between the rivers Ibar and Lim in the Southwestern part of Serbia and Kosovo. The region was territorial approximately identical with the later Sanjak of Novi Pazar and its current geographical Raška region. The region stretches from the east over a territory in the area of the rivers Ibar and Lim, Kosovo and Metohija in the south Serbia on the south-western mountainous region on the border with Montenegro to Herzegovina. From the north, the region covers most areas of today's districts Zlatibor, Raška and Moravica. The southern part is now mostly in the north of Montenegro and to a lesser extent in northern Albania.
Etymology
One theory is that the name of the historical region is derived from the city of Ras, which is a Raszien slawisierter Roman name. So this is the South Slavic Chronicle of the Priest of Dioklitien ( presbyter Diocleas ) refer to which is dated to the 12th century, but also contains many legendary trains.
Another assumes that this was a Serbian name for a populated before the Migration region or tribal chief, with whom she settled in the new area and baptized by him. In the East German, Czech and Polish space of the name appears in a somewhat modified form as well. Examples include Rudolf Raschka, Jiří Raška Rašov (CZ), Rašovice (CZ), Raška Gratica (BG). The origins Raschka or Raška probably go back to the name Rastko, Radslav, Radoslav, Raslav and Rastislav.
There is also the theory that the name of the Raszier, as well as the name of the Russians, is derived from the proper name of the Roxolani. This is indicated by the etymology of some place names, such as Raksa in Slovakia or RACSA in Romania.
The name Raszien later immigrated to the north, in the populated areas of the Serbs in Srem and Banat and remained there get up in the 17th century. From the " raszischen " was forming the earlier German and Hungarian name for Serbs such as Raizen, Ratzen or Rác.
History
Raszien was at first under Byzantine and later under Bulgarian rule or dependency. As the first ruler of a relatively independent Serbian Principality of living in the middle of the 9th century Vlastimir, the founder of the House of Vlastimirić is considered. His dominion should have included after the Byzantine emperor and historian Constantine VII Bosnia and Raszien - although Raszien itself is not mentioned by name, but writes Constantine VII of Serbia, in the Bosnia at least geographically occupied a special position.
End of the 11th century came Raszien in the sphere of influence of the prince Stefan Vojislav dioklitischen. His grandson Constantine Bodin continued to manage the country one the Župan Vukan, the Raszien again made it the leading political formations. Uroš the Elder was able to expand the political significance Rasziens on.
To 1167, Stefan Nemanja, the founder of the House of Nemanjić, Serbian Großžupan. He united around 1183 Raszien with Zeta and extended the dominion towards the east.
1217 Raszien became the heartland of the Kingdom of Nemanjic. Because since the time Nemanjas Hungary submitted its claim to the title of King of Serbia, the Nemanjic titled as a rule as kings of Raszien, the coastal countries and all Serbs. As Raszien the Nemanjidenstaat in Europe in a row was then known.
1219 came the Diocese of Ras, which the Archdiocese of Ohrid was under until then, to the Archbishopric of Peć and thus under the jurisdiction of the autocephalous Serbian Orthodox Church. In 1346 it was even elevated to archbishopric.
Mid-15th century Raszien was conquered by the Ottomans. Among these, it was up to the First Balkan War and the repulse of the Ottomans through Serbia to the core area of the Sanjak of Novi Pazar.
School of Raška
Between the 12th and 14th centuries, its own art style, the so-called school of Raška developed in Raszien. This was characterized by a mixture of Byzantine and Western styles.