Prosartes

Prosartes smithii

The plant genus Fairy Bells ( Prosartes ) belongs to the lily family ( Liliaceae ). The six species are common in North America.

• 4.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaves

The Prosartes species grow as perennial herbaceous plants. As outlasting creeping up more or less erect, usually fluffy haired, slender, bulbous rhizomes are formed, in which develop the fiber roots. The more or less upright stems are branched at the top and bald and without glands. On the lower part of the stem are shed.

Many seated until almost sedentary leaves are alternate on the stem distributed. The simple leaf blades are broadly ovate to lanceolate wrong - with more or less obtuse, heart-shaped to pointed Spreitengrund and pointed to sharpened top end. There are at least three main veins present and the veins of 2nd order are arranged loosely reticulate.

Inflorescences and flowers

The flowers are in terminal umbel- like inflorescences, which usually contain only one to four, rarely up to seven stalked, drooping flowers. There are two to five parchment-like bracts present.

The most bell-shaped flowers are hermaphroditic, radial symmetry and threefold. The six equal, free bracts are convex and weakly arched at the top and not durable. The color of the bloom is white to more or less green with green base. There are two circles, each with three stamens present. The inserted at the base of the bloom stamens are bare and thready widened to at their base. The linear - oblong anthers are free to move. The three carpels are fused into a narrow ellipsoid to ovoid wrong, upper continuous, dreikammerigen ovary. Each ovary chamber containing two to six continuous (hence the genus name Prosartes ) or horizontal ovules. The slender to filiform style ends in a simple or slightly three-lobed stigma and may project beyond the perianth in some species.

Fruit and seeds

The fruit stalk is relatively thin. The more or less fleshy berries are colored when ripe straw-colored, orange to red. The smooth, ellipsoid to oblong seeds are white to pale yellow or orange-brown.

Chromosome numbers

The basic chromosome number is x = 6, 8, 9, 11

Systematics and distribution

The Prosartes species are widespread in North America.

The genus Prosartes in 1839, set up by David Don in Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, Volume 1, page 48 for two species that were formerly classified in the Streptopus. As Lectotypusart 1874 Prosartes lanuginosa ( Michx. ) D.Don ( basionym Streptopus lanuginosus Michx. ) By Ludwig Georg Karl Pfeiffer, nom 2, p 841 has been set. The genus name is derived from the Greek Prosartes prosarto word "attach" for starting, this refers to the hanging ovules of the type species. A synonym for Prosartes D.Don is Lethea Noronha nom. inval ..

The genus belongs to the subfamily Prosartes Calochortoideae within the family Liliaceae; formerly belonged to the families Calochortaceae, Convallariaceae or Uvulariaceae. This North American species were until 1994 sect as a section Disporum. Asked Prosartes ( D.Don ) Jones in the otherwise Asian genus Disporum, which is now classified in the family Colchicaceae.

There are about six Prosartes types:

• Prosartes hookeri Torr. Thrives in cool - moist shady forests and thickets at altitudes between 100 and 2000 meters in eastern North America.
• Prosartes lanuginosa ( Michx. ) D.Don: It grows mainly in wet forests at altitudes 200-1600 m in eastern North America.
• Prosartes maculata ( Buckley ) A. Gray: This rare species thrives in old, moist deciduous forests, ravines and slopes at altitudes between 100 and 800 meters in eastern North America.
• Prosartes parvifolia S.Watson: It comes from southwestern Oregon to northwestern California before.
• Prosartes smithii ( Hook. ) Utech, Shinwari & Kawano: It thrives in moist shady forests in the coastal mountains at altitudes between 0 and 200 meters. It occurs in British Columbia, California, Oregon and Washington in eastern North America.
• Prosartes trachycarpa S.Watson: It thrives in shady deciduous forests, aspen groves and open coniferous forests at altitudes 300-2500 m. Up to a population, this species is found only in western North America.

Use

About a use of Prosartes species is not known.

Swell

• Frederick H. Utech: Prosartes, pp. 142 - text the same online as printed work, Flora of North America Editorial Committee ( eds.): Flora of North America North of Mexico, Volume 26 - Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales, Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 2002. ISBN 0-19-515208-5 (Section Description, distribution and systematics)
• ZK Shinwari, R. Terauchi, FH Utech & S. Kawano: Recognition of the New World Disporum Section Prosartes as Prosartes ( Liliaceae ) based on the sequence data of the rbcL genes In: Taxon, Volume 43, Issue 3, 1994, S. 353-366. doi: 10.2307/1222713 (Section Description, distribution and systematics)