Psathyrella aquatica
Aquatica fruiting bodies of Psathyrella
Psathyrella aquatica is a lamellar fungus from the family of Mürblingsverwandten. It is the first known to science Lamellenpilzart that bears fruit under water. Genetic studies showed he is the kind of Mürblinge ( Psathyrella ) associate with Psathyrella atomata, Psathyrella fontinalis and Psathyrella superiorensis as next of kin.
Description
The fruiting bodies appear under water. Her narrow, dünnfleischigen achieve hats diameter 8-15 mm, have a smooth surface with a light brown to brownish gray in color and sometimes mottled or striped pattern. The thin, mingled stationary blades are attached to the stem and pale brownish after ejection of the spores or white. The long, fibrous stalks are hollow, are 4 to 9.5 inches high and are towards the top 1.8 to 3.2 to 1 to 2.2 millimeters slightly tapered in shape. There are wattige rhizomorph at the base. Young fruit bodies have a shell that they lose soon.
The dark spores measure 10 to 14 to 6 to 8 microns and are ellipsoidal in shape. Their surfaces are smooth and have a Keimpore on. They appear as spore powder impression purple-black, floating dark reddish brown in water and change color to gray brown with potassium hydroxide and sulfuric acid with purple. They grow to fours on club-shaped basidia. In the cellular tissue is bulbous shaped Zystide find a less sharp tip.
Habitat and Ecology
Psathyrella aquatica is found in the U.S. state of Oregon and will fruit submerged in running water in up to half a meter deep. The fruiting body usually remain permanently under water and seem to withstand even strong current. The spores are released as a wedge- shaped rafts in a gas bubble under the hat.
The construction of the lamellae and the ejecting the spores ( Ballistosporen ) indicate a younger adaptation to submerged habitat.
History
The species was in 2005 by Robert Coffan (Southern Oregon University ), discovered in the upper Rogue River and described in 2010 by Frank and Coffan. Molecular phylogenetic studies confirmed 2010, the new Article 2011 their discovery by the International Institute for Species Exploration ( IISE, in Tempe, AZ, USA) was chosen as one of the annual top 10 newly discovered species in 2011.