Raden Saleh
Raden Saleh Syarif Bustaman ( MAY 1811 in Semarang, Java, † April 23, 1880 in Bogor, Jawa Barat, Indonesia ) was a Javanese prince and painter and is considered the father of modern Indonesian painting. Raden Saleh lived a long time in Europe and was one of the most brilliant artists of the 19th century.
Life
He came from the prominent Indonesian prince and regent family of the great Kyai Ngabehi Kertoboso Bustaman ( 1681-1759 ). Raden Saleh was born in May 1811 in Terboyo, a small town near Semarang in Central Java,. His father was Sayid Husen 'm AIWI 'm Awal and his mother Raden Ayu Sarif Husen 'm AIWI 'm Awal. The name Bustaman points out that the family of Iranian origin, from the city Bestam was. However, Raden Saleh's great-great grandfather Sayid Husen was already living in Central Java. After the early death of his father Prince Raden Saleh grew up in the family of his uncle Raden Adipati Surohadimenggolo and thus gained access to the world of the Europeans.
The second well-known members of the family was Bustaman Raden Adipati Surohadimenggolo (1765-1827), grandson of Raden Saleh's Ki Bustaman and uncle. He was Regent of Semarang and one of the most significant and most cultured rulers of his time.
The Princely House Bustaman comprised 20 regent and regent seven families in Indonesia and became known for their support of the most famous Indonesian national hero Prince Diponegoro. Saleh's cousin Raden Sukur, son of the Bupati of Semarang Adipati Suryamangalla, fought side by side with Prince Diponegoro. Therefore the princes Bustaman suffered persecution by the colonial powers. Raden Sukurs father and his brother were arrested and deported in September 1825 by the Dutch colonial power.
The artist
According to Daniel Saleh received his first drawing lessons from systematic Jannes Theodorus Bik (1796-1875), who participated as a draftsman at the Reinwardt'schen Natural History Commission for the Dutch East Indies. The decisive encounter for Saleh, however, was with the Belgian colonial painter Antoine Payen Joseph August (1792-1853), who recognized the drawing talent of the young Javanese whose talent and promoted early. Both went into a teacher -student relationship that lasted at least three years (1819-1822) and drew a life-long connection and affection by itself.
After the arrest of Prince Diponegoro by General de Kock traveled Prince Raden Saleh to Europe and studied art at Cornelius Krusemann and Andreas Schelfhout. He was the first Asian and non-Europeans, who received a European education and claimed the status and self-image of an artist for yourself. In addition, he was the first Indonesian who mastered five languages fluently.
In 1839 he came to Dresden and Maxen, where he spent the best years of his life in his own words. During his 20 - year stay in Germany and Europe, he became a major part of the Dresdner late Romantic and co-founder of the German Orientalism in painting. Raden Saleh also spent several years at the court of his close friend Duke Ernst II of Saxe -Coburg and Gotha, brother of Albert, the Prince Consort of Queen Victoria of Great Britain, and was introduced there and at many other courts of Europe in the society. Duke Ernst II, his mother, Louise of Saxe-Gotha -Altenburg, Duchess of Kent and Queen Victoria were major sponsors for him and several of his works are now at Windsor Castle and Buckingham Palace issued in London.
In 1851, Prince Raden Saleh returned to Indonesia and married into the family of the mighty Sultan of Yogyakarta. In 1876 he traveled again with his second wife to Europe to visit his family in Germany and his old friends, including the Duke Ernst II of Saxe -Coburg and Gotha, and held again for nearly two years on in Europe. He died in 1880 in Indonesia.
Influence of his works
The modern Indonesian painting regarded him as their founder ( Perintis ). International interest in Prince Raden Saleh and his work learned in the past few years a further increase. His name adorns streets and squares in many cities of Indonesia and his name and his works are still present in Indonesia.
Prince Raden Saleh brought a new tradition of artistic looking, a new conception of the nature of the artist and a new technical brilliance to Java. He established the idea of modernity, the idea of the autonomous artist in a society that is both unknown in this form until now.
His palace in Cikini (Jakarta ), the Prince Raden Saleh was built after the submission of Castle Callnberg in Coburg, is to accommodate the newly constructed Prince Raden Saleh Museum in the future. It is currently used as an administrative building of a hospital and has developed into a tourist attraction. In Bandung on the island of Java is the Raden Saleh Documentation Centre.
His works can be found today in private art collections, international museums and privately owned by Queen Elizabeth II of Great Britain. One of his most famous works, the " arrest of Prince Diponegoro " is now on display at the Presidential Palace in Jakarta. His paintings achieve high prices on the international art markets. For example, a 1846 painted in Dresden deer hunting was auctioned and was sold for 5.5 billion Indonesian rupiah, about 1.5 million euros. In November 2005, the " Lion Hunt " posted (1840, oil on canvas, 89 x 119 cm) at Van Ham Fine Art Auctions in Cologne earnings of € 805,000. In May 2011, the 1842 in Dresden formed, 154 × 168 cm oil painting auctioned in the same auction house recently Not for € 1.6 million.