Roscoe Pound

Roscoe Pound ( born October 27, 1870 in Lincoln, Nebraska; † July 1, 1964 in Cambridge, Massachusetts) was an American botanist, lawyer and university professor, law and jurisprudence combined with sociological approaches and thus, a pioneer of the sociology of law but also the philosophy of law was.

Life

The son of Stephen Bosworth Pound, a member of the State Senate from Nebraska, studied post-school botany at the University of Nebraska and earned there first in 1888 with a Bachelor of Arts (BA Botany ) and then in 1889 a Master of Arts (MA Botany ). A subsequent study of law at Harvard University, he finished in 1890. Early as 1890, he took over immediately after graduation, a professor of law at the University of Nebraska and taught there until 1903. During this time he not only acquired in 1897 a Philosophiae Doctor ( Ph D. Botany ). , but was 1901-1903 judge for appeal at the Supreme Court of Nebraska, the Supreme Court of Nebraska. He quickly became an authority in the field of botany and largely responsible for the botanical research in Nebraska and wrote about this subject together with FE Clements the textbook phytogeography of Nebraska (1898 ).

In 1907 he took over a professorship at Northwestern University, in 1909 moved to the University of Chicago before he taught as a professor of law at Harvard Law School, 1910-1937. Most recently, he was from 1916 to 1936 and dean of the Harvard Law School.

Pound was a gifted influential high school teachers, in conjunction emphasized the importance of social interests to justice and his theories had a far-reaching effect. 1922 took Roscoe with the later Supreme Court Justice Felix Frankfurter of the United States an intensive study of crime reporting in the course of January, 1919 in Cleveland, Ohio. They found that the extent of press reports of criminal cases had almost seven-fold from the first to the second half of the month, although the actual number of reported criminal cases only of 345 grew to 363. They came to the conclusion that the shown drastic increase in crime was for the most part invented in Cleveland by the press, this fiction but had a real impact on the work of law enforcement. As the population believed the city befände to an acute " epidemic " of crime exposed, they called loudly for a crackdown and increased police action. Politicians in the municipal administration were the demands for electoral reasons. One result was often harsher sentences for the same acts that punished much easier before the panic wurden.Während his last teaching years he promoted a native of Germany jurists Max Rheinstein.

In his honor, was founded in 1956, the Pound Civil Justice Institute.

Freemasonry

Pound was a member of the Federation of Masons since 1901. He held various high offices as, inter alia, the office of Grand Master of Lancaster Lodge No.. 54 in Lincoln ( Nebraska) and was also Grand Master of versch.Großlogen ( uaGrand Lodge of Nebraska and the Grand Lodge of Massachusetts). He also wrote numerous monographs on Freemasonry:

Publications

Even through his numerous publications contributed Pound decisive contribution to combine academic and judicial sociological approaches and thereby became an early pioneer in the field of sociology of law. Among his most famous works include:

  • Phytogeography of Nebraska (1898 )
  • Readings on the History and System of the Common Law (1904 )
  • Outlines of Lectures on Jurisprudence (1914 )
  • The Spirit of the Common Law ( 1921)
  • Law and Morals (1924 )
  • Criminal Justice in America ( 1930)
  • Justice According to Law (1951 )
  • Constitutional Guarantees of Liberty (1957 )
  • Jurisprudence (1959, 5 volumes)

Background literature

  • David Wigdor: Roscoe Pound, Philosopher of Law, 1974
  • Chambers Biographical Dictionary, ISBN 0550100512, 2002, p 1226
Cambridge (Massachusetts) Nebraska Legislature University of Nebraska system Dean (education) List of Justices of the Supreme Court of the United States Masonic Lodge Officers#Worshipful Master Integrated Authority File
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