Russian Federal Space Agency
Roskosmos (Russian Роскосмос ) is the space agency of the Russian Federation. The Agency is responsible for the civilian space program in the country and is located in Star City near Moscow. It was founded in 1992 after the dissolution of the Soviet Union and has taken over the essential resources of Soviet space exploration. Former name of the agency are RKA ( Rossijskoje Kosmitscheskoje Agenstwo ) RAKA ( Rossiiskoje Awiazionno - Koswitscheskoje Agenstwo ) and Rosaviakosmos.
The head of Roskosmos has Oleg Ostapenko October 2013.
General
Roscosmos is currently using two space stations: Plesetsk in Arkhangelsk in Russia, which is to be developed in the long term to the main base, and Baikonur in Kazakhstan, the main base of the Soviet space exploration. For the use of Baikonur must be paid on the basis of a lease contract fees to Kazakhstan. As a possible alternative to Baikonur Svobodny was pulled in the Far East of Russia into account. A variety of missile launches was also on the launch complex Kapustin Yar on the Volga.
For a long time entertained the Russian space agency, the Mir space station, which despite financing difficulties even was eight years longer than intended in the service. It was finally abandoned on 23 March 2001, because they wanted to focus on the International Space Station (ISS ).
Russia participates now instrumental in the ISS, whose supply, the Soyuz rocket are used with the Soyuz spacecraft and Progress cargo spacecraft since the setting of the space shuttle program.
Roskosmos is a full member of the Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems ( CCSDS ).
Space program 2006-2015
On 14 July 2005, the new space program for the years 2006-2015 was approved by the Russian government, however, should be sought until September 1, 2005 for further funding opportunities. This program provides for the investment of 305 billion rubles ( € 9 billion ) over the next ten years ago, of which 23 billion (680 million euros ). This sum is already in the year 2006 by about 25% over that for the year was provided in 2005. The expenditure should be increased each year by 6%. Another 130 billion rubles ( 3.9 billion euros ) to be included in the next ten years from non- union budget sources such as the industry itself. The level of funding of the Russian space thus lies at about the same level as that of the Indian space agency ISRO. On 22 October 2005, the space program from 2006 to 2015 was officially approved by the Russian government.
The new space program saw in the years 2008-2010 in particular the completion of the satellite parks by new communications, weather and earth observation satellites before. In addition, the construction of new ISS module, the Fobos -Grunt Mars mission, the Venera -D - Venus mission, the Luna - Glob mission to the moon as well as several scientific satellites should be funded.
Furthermore, the modernization of Russian launchers on the program: The final work on the Soyuz -2 and Angara rockets, concept studies on future enhancements (eg Soyuz -3) as well as a project to develop a reusable carrier of the next generation of the Russia, together with the ESA, ( Oryol program). Also the Kliper program was budgeted, the spaceship should be 2012 or 2013 to complete its maiden flight and finally set after the takeover of the manufacturer RKK Energia by Roskosmos in July 2007. It should then be replaced by the spaceship Rus and the associated Rus -M carrier rocket, which in 2011 but also deleted.
Directors
Since its inception Roskosmos had the following Officers: