Samuel Marsden

Samuel Marsden ( born June 25, 1765 in Farsley, Yorkshire, England; † May 12, 1838 in Windsor, New South Wales, Australia) was an Anglican clergyman, ranchers in New South Wales, as a missionary of the Church Missionary Society ( CMS) in New active South Wales and New Zealand and founder of the first Christian mission in New Zealand.

Life and work

England

Samuel Marsden was born on June 25, 1765 [Note 1] in Farsley [Note 2] in Yorkshire. His father, Thomas Marsden, was a blacksmith and business among others a small farm in Farslay. Marsden, who was brought up religiously, attended the village school and then learned the blacksmith's trade with his father. During this time he became known as a lay preacher in the district. He came in contact with the Elland Society, an evangelical group in the Church of England, the young people develop abnormally enabled education. With 24 years Marsden attended Hull Grammar School in Kingston-on -Hull, and came about in contact with William Wilberforce, abolitionist and later British parliamentarians.

Recorded by the Elland Society, Marsden began by financial support from the Magdalene College on December 7, 1790, studied at the College. Even before completing his studies, he took on 1 January 1793, the appeal by the Royal Commission on, as the second minister the Reverend Richard Johnson in the British colony of New South Wales (NSW) support. On March 17, 1793 Marsden was appointed a deacon in Bristol, married a month later on April 21, his wife Elizabeth, nee Fristan, settled in May appoint a priest to July 1, 1793 his wife on a convict ship in to New South Wales to sail. On the journey Marsden's daughter Anne was born. Later, from the marriage went forth a Son, Charles Marsden, the (now suburb of Sydney ) after the death of his father's estate at South Creek in St. Mary's took over, and the daughters of Mary and Martha. In March 1974, they reached Port Jackson, Sydney Harbour, and Marsden took over its assigned priesthood in the municipality of Parramatta. In 1796 he opened a church there in 1801 and an orphanage.

New South Wales

Marsden 1796 by the Governor of NSW, John Hunter was the magistrate, a kind of lay judges appointed. In accordance with his relentless rigor and its disciplining, the reputation followed him as the " Flogging Parson " (as Flogging Parson). His behavior led 1818 to the public Tadelung and suspension from office by the Governor Lachlan Macquarie and later to discipline by the Governor Ralph Darling because of its inordinately harsh treatment of convicts.

Marsden began in 1802 to buy land and tried, even though he had no experience in sheep farming. In three years he had his stock of sheep more than doubled with over 1000 pieces and 100 pigs and 44 cows rounded off his livestock. In the years 1803-1805 he produced several reports on the prospects of sheep farming and wool production in the colony and sent it to the Governor Philip Gidley King and to the naturalist Sir Joseph Banks to London.

Marsden had already made a name with its successful breeding in the meantime in NSW and beyond, and when he traveled to England in 1807, he impressed King George III. with garments that had been made ​​by his brought wool. Merino sheep was the gratitude of the king to honor his achievements. Marsden managed to deliver later quality wool to England with his sheep population years and thus became an important promoter of the wool trade between the colony and the mother country.

In the years 1807 to 1809 in England Marsden was busy trying to draw the attention of church leaders on what he sees as existing lack of a religious layer in New South Wales. He was able to convince the Church Missionary Society and get additional priests for the colony. He also prepared in England before the ground for a mission project in New Zealand, which would support the Church Missionary Society benevolent. After the frustration in the missionary work of convicts and also unsuccessful proselytizing by Aborigines themselves Marsden promised more success with the Māori of New Zealand, he spoke to them in his opinion, " but more intelligence, mental capacity and a natural tendency to moral and industrious behavior to be able to internalize and to be as open to the introduction of the Gospel. "

But his plan was thwarted by NSW after his return in 1809 by the news of the massacre of the crew of the whaling ship Boyd in the Bay of Islands by the Māori. It took until 1814 to be re- found supporters for a mission project in New Zealand.

New Zealand

On March 14, Marsden sent his in London recruited missionaries Thomas Kendall and Willam Hall to New Zealand to explore the possibilities and conditions for a mission project. Both came on August 22, accompanied by the Māori Chiefs Hongi Hika, Ruatara, Korokoro and Tui, back to Sydney. After the Chiefs on proselytizing and trade in Marsden had become united, broke Marsden on 28 November 1814, accompanied by Thomas Kendall, Willam Hall, John King and the Māori Chiefs to his first of seven trips to New Zealand, and sailed with the brig Active toward the Bay of Islands, the place that was well documented by James Cook and by reports of whalers and it seemed most appropriate. They arrived on 23 December 1814, the bay and Marsden celebrated just one day later his first Christian mass. On February 24, 1815, he bought a piece of land in Rangihoua and reasoned with the Te Waimate mission, the first mission station in New Zealand. New Zealand Marsden made ​​from now on to his main project and visited the North Island repeated in the years 1819, 1820, 1823, 1827 and 1830. His seventh trip in 1837 was to be his last. He died a year later on 12 May 1838 in Windsor, New South Wales and was buried in the cemetery of the parish in Parramatta.

Publications

• Samuel Marsden: An answer to Certain calumnies in the late Governor Macquarie's pamphlet: and the third edition of Mr. Wentworth 's Account of Australasia. J. Hatchard and Son, Piccadilly, London 1826 ( Online, accessed 31 January 2011 ).
• Samuel Marsden, Robert Howe (ed.): Statement, including a correspondence in between the Commissioners of the Court of Enquiry, and the Rev. Samuel Marsden, relative to a charge of illegal punishment preferred against Doctor Douglass. London ( issued Statement in July 1825 in Parramatta at the request of Lord Bathurst in connection with the Bill of Indemnity. ) 1828.
• Samuel Marsden, Coulls Somerville Wilkie Ltd. and AH Reed for the Otago University Council ( ed.): The letters and journals of Samuel Marsden, 1765-1838, senior chaplain in the colony of New South Wales and Superintendent of the Mission of the Church Missionary Society in New Zealand / edited by John Rawson Elder. Dunedin 1932 ( Online, accessed January 28, 2011).