San Sebastiano al Palatino
St. Zoticus
00186 Roma
San Sebastiano al Palatino, also of San Sebastiano alla Polveria, officially San Sebastiano e Zotico is a small church in Rome. She's title diakonia of the Roman Catholic Church and was the scene of a conclave.
Location
The church is located in the Roman X. Roman rione Campitelli close to the Forum, about 250 meters southwest of the Coliseum.
History and Architectural History
The original name of the church, Santa Maria in Pallaria refers to the Palladium, so to the legend of Aeneas of Troy abducted and brought to Rome Minerva image that have been brought in the 3rd century from the Temple of Vesta in the temple of Elagabalus should. This temple was built by the Emperor Elagabalus on a large terrace at the clivus Palatinus, which goes back to Republican times. The St. Sebastian is according to tradition, have suffered at the Gradus Helagabali ( stages of Elagabalus ) his martyrdom. Therefore, the church was built on parts of the temple. In the environment of the Church parts of the plant have been excavated.
The first church on this site dates from the 10th century, possibly even earlier.
The small church was on January 24, 1118 for the conclave occasion of the election, Pope Gelasius ' II. The election was canonically valid, but secretly performed, that the interference of the Emperor Henry V. was feared. Immediately after the election broke Cencius Frangipani, a partisan of the Emperor, the door opened, abused the newly elected Pope and let him put in chains until the following day.
Pope Urban VIII had in the meantime ruined church from 1624 newly built in the style of the Baroque. He commissioned an artist with the preparation of the altarpiece Martyrdom of St. Sebastian with eight figures, in which he left the choice of figures to the performing artists. Architect of the new building was almost entirely baroque Luigi Arrigucci.
Your second nickname she received from a computer located in the Napoleonic period near a powder magazine of the French troops.
Building
The facade is how the rest of the church in the outer view, almost completely unadorned. Above the plain, by a crisscrossed by a round arch and backed by a putto triangular pediment of the portal rises an equally simple triangular pediment. The facade is framed and carries both the portal as the architrave and the pilasters of the portal representations of the heraldic animal of the Barberini family, the bee. Pope Urban VIII was born into this generation, his coat of arms is attached to the facade.
The interior is just as fasted. The very small interior is covered by a barrel vault, the tiny dome over the presbytery is visible only inside and not visible from the outside.
The frescoes behind the altar are from the former building of the 10th century, those of the dome renovations of the Baroque.
The church contains two plaques, one recalls the events surrounding Gelasius II, the other to the renovation by Urban VIII
Cardinal deacons
- Ferdinando Giuseppe Antonelli per illa vice (1973-1993)
- Yves Congar (1994-1995)
- Dino Monduzzi (1998-2006)
- John Patrick Foley (2007-2011)
- Edwin Frederick O'Brien ( since 2012 )
Cardinal O'Brien took the church on October 25, 2012 in possession ..