Schwarzbach (Kraichgau)

BW

Template: Infobox River / Obsolete

The Black Bach is a right tributary of the Elsenz in northern Baden -Württemberg. In his approximately 27 -kilometer run it traverses the Kleiner Odenwald and Kraichgau, but he touched the Neckar- Odenwald-Kreis and Rhein- Neckar-Kreis.

Geography

Course

The Schwarzenbach arises about a kilometer outside of Neunkirchen. His combined source is located at an altitude of 336 m above sea level. NN in the open fields away from the road to Zwingenberg. Then it flows in direction southsouthwest by Neunkirchen, the districts of the municipality Schwarzach, whose name refers to a previously otherwise form of the name, and by Aglasterhausen.

After the creek crossing the border to the Rhine - Neckar district and reaches the place helmet city. In his rather then on westward run he reached after a total of 17 km Waibstadt where the Schwarzbach once formed the eastern and northern boundary of the town's fortifications. About Neidenstein and Eschelbronn, past the natural monument avenue of chestnut trees he reached the southern outskirts of Mecke 's home where he. 140 m above sea Opens into the NN Elsenz. On a longer section between Waibstadt and Eschelbronn the stream divides into two branches, the actual Schwarzenbach and the so-called " Small Stream ".

The Schwarzenbach passes through two different soil landscapes: in the upper reaches of the sandstone -Odenwald and below Schwarzach Hoffenheim loess landscape. Here the valley cuts in the middle and lower reaches of the layers of the upper and lower Muschelkalk, the crests are on both sides of the mouth at Meckenheim still covered from the lower Keuper.

Catchment area

The catchment area of the Black Bach covers approximately 200 square kilometers; it occupies a large part of the northern arc of the Neckar describes between Bad Wimpfen and Neckargemuend. Thus, the Schwarzenbach is the main drainage of the Little Odenwald. Its catchment area extends to the east partly very close to there very deep Neckar, has limited share of the district of Heilbronn in the southeast and south by the Great Forest at Sinsheim. The catchment area of ​​Lobbachs adjacent to the northwest, many smaller tributaries of the Neckar compete in the north, east and south, in the south of the watershed continues against the Elsenz and its tributaries.

The Schwarzenbach drains a predominantly rural landscape dominated; here there with Neckarbischofsheim and Waibstadt only two small towns, but in addition many country villages that lie on the denunciations of the already mentioned municipalities, as well as those of Schönbrunn, Reichartshausen Epfenbach, Spechbach, Sinsheim, Bad Rappenau Siegelsbach, Hüffenhardt and Obrigheim.

Inflows

The largest tributaries of the Black Bach are:

  • Asbach, from left in Aglasterhausen about 7 km and 21 km ².
  • Trout stream, from right to Aglasterhausen, 9 km and 13 km ².
  • Want to Bach, from left in helmet city, around 10 km and 44 km ².
  • Waiting shank Bach, from right below the helmet city, about 5 km and 10 km ².
  • Krebsbach, from left in Waibstadt, approximately 13 km and 35 km ².
  • Epfenbach, from right in Eschelbronn about 7 km and 15 km ².

More detailed inflow list:

Origin of Schwarzenbach's about 1.0 km northeast of the town center of Neunkirchen in Neurott beside the road to Zwingenberger yard at about 330 m above sea level. NN.

  • Worzenwiesengraben, from right in Neunkirchen, 0.85 km. Verdolt in the village.
  • Bach by the Cold blade from right at Schwarzacher forest house, 2.284 km and 2.618 km ².
  • Neuwiesenbach, from right in Schwarzach - Unterschwarzach towards the sports hall, 1.992 km and 1.633 km ².
  • Basic ditch from the right a little below in Unterschwarzach, 0.709 km and 0.633 km ².
  • Asbach, from the left to the Aglasterhausener Neumühlestrasse, 6.735 km and 20.739 km ².
  • Trout stream, right on the Aglasterhausener hamlet mill, 9.104 km and 12.967 km ².
  • Zellerwegbach from the left in helmet city on the sports field, 3.361 km and 4.581 km ².
  • Angeltalgraben from the left in helmet city on the bridge Asbacher road, 0.983 km and 0.455 km ².
  • Want to Bach, from left in helmet city on the bridge of the Rabanstraße, 10.16 km and 44.334 km ².
  • Plotzbacher blades ditch, right on the outskirts of town helmet, 0.995 km and 0.562 km ².
  • Waiting shank Bach, Bach also cattle drive, right into the helmet 's Town Jägerwiesen, 4.567 km and 9.990 km ².
  • Talgraben, from left in the Neckar Bischofsheimer Sponsloch, 1.527 km. Parallel Running Auengraben.
  • Zeilgraben, from left between the railway bridge, the Schwarzbach Valley Railway and Waibstadt -Bernau, 0.686 km. Contrary Running Auenrandgraben.
  • Stork fields digging, left before the railway bridge the Krebsbach Valley Railway and Bernau, 1.488 km and 1.096 km ².
  • Wüst basic trench, from right at Neckarbischofsheim North Station, 1.539 km and 1.786 km ².
  • Michel Bach, from left almost opposite the former, 1.217 km. Drains the fraction of the flat plane of the mouth following.
  • Krebsbach, from left at the beginning of a small chain of ponds, 12.705 km and 34.917 km ².
  • Suiegraben, of right against the chain of ponds, 1.247 km.
  • Mitre ditch from the right before reaching the village Waibstadts, 1.102 km.
  • Weiherwies trench from the left in Waibstadt before the bridge at the train station, 2.725 km and 6.854 km ². Records shortly before the mouth of the 1.765 km long old Krebsbach, a left branch of the Cancer Bach above, running on the left Auenrand.
  • Kreggraben, from right in Waibstadt after the road bridge the envy Straße (L 549 ), 4.451 km and 3.399 km ².
  • Erbischgraben, from left at the Old Mill of Waibstadt, 1.566 km.
  • Eulsbachgraben, left in the same place as the previous one, 2.462 km and 2.646 km ².
  • Leaving the little brook, to the right in the floodplain on the mountian limit of the municipality Waibstatt Neidenstein.
  • Kaut Schafgraben from the left in the Schwarzenbach itself, 1.79 km.
  • Dam blade from the left in the Schwarzenbach itself, 0.876 km.
  • Kalkgraben, from right in Neidenstein in the little brook, 1.503 km.
  • Flea Bach, from the right Neidenstein in the little brook, 2.503 km.
  • Disposal of Neubachs, left, forward to Eschelbronner district just before the following in the floodplain.
  • Return the little brook, from right under the mountain Wengert, 2.671 km and 4.758 km ² ( including those mentioned inflows ).
  • Break blade trench, from left on the outskirts of Eschelbronn in the Neubach, 1.183 km.
  • Weiher basic trench, from left to cross the Neubach route slightly to the Elsenzbrücke in Eschelbronn the Black Bach himself, 2.664 km.
  • Epfenbach, right to the Eschelbronner station in the Black Bach himself, 6.798 km and 15.323 km ².
  • Steingmörtgraben, from the right to the Black Bach himself, 1.169 km.
  • Inflow from the Otter blade from the right shortly after crossing the Black Bach on Meckenheimer district in the nature reserve from its mouth in the Black Bach himself, 0.835 km. If previously on a portion of municipal boundary between Eschelbronn and Mecke home.
  • Return of the Neubachs in the Schwarzenbach, from left shortly after the previous one, 3.694 km.
  • Kreidelgraben, left a few steps further, 0.881 km.

Mouth of the Black Bach at the southern end of Meckenheim next to the Eschelsbronner road at about 140 m above sea level. NN from the right and east into the Elsenz.

Outflow

At the level Eschelbronn, following the inflow of Epfenbachs and therefore at least 192 of about 201 km ² total catchment area, the average discharge of the Black Bach is 2.2 cubic meters per second.

Human intervention

The creek is now heavily influenced by human intervention. In order to use the flood plains for agriculture and operate numerous mills, one of the Schwarzbach headed to in the Middle Ages. For the construction of Odenwaldbahn 1860-1862 the creek was straightened in Eschelbronner Won Lower Meckenheimer Wäldle. More recently, such measures also served to open up new areas.

So the black creek running in the local area of Neunkirchen verdolt today, and the mouth of the brook cancer in Waibstadt was even two miles to the east and up the valley moved to the treatment plant in his Talmündungstrichter. The branching off there Old Krebsbach, of the left Auenrand of Schwarzbachtals -quarter mile down the valley attracts, is a remnant of the old route.

The Water Report 2004 ranked the waters of the Black Bach in a Class II ( moderately polluted ). In the water eleven fish species have been recorded, including the brook lamprey and various species of trout.

The Schwarzenbach swells when it rains on a multiple of its normal amount of water. The 10-year flood discharge reached the level Eschelbronn 56 m³ / s, ie 25 times the mean discharge. According to an especially severe flooding in 1993/94 on the Association flood catchment area Elsenz - Schwarzenbach was founded with headquarters in Waibstadt in 1997, which is to provide protection against 100 - year flood. His measures include not only alterations and restoration projects and the construction of numerous flood retention basins, two of them on the barrel of the Black Bach himself, in Aglasterhausen ( " Bock meadow " ) and east of Waibstadt ( " Bernau " ), four dozen more on the tributaries of the Black Bach.

Conservation

The Black Bach is located along its entire length in the Neckar -Odenwald Nature Park. Three nature reserves protect individual sections of the valley, particularly:

  • The nature reserve Waibstädter Schwarzbachaue takes a 37 hectares between the treatment plant at the mouth of Cancer Bach and Waibstadt. It was established in 1984 to monitor population trends in the area of nutrient-rich Nachklärteiche the sewage treatment plant science.
  • The nature reserve Kallenberg and Kaiser mountain on 42 acres on the northern edge of the valley between Neidenstein and Eschelbronn is protected since 1989 because of the great diversity of its biotopes, in which a wide range of species is to be found. See also quarry Kallenberg.
  • The nature reserve Lower Schwarzbach there since 1997. It extends as a " significant and typical landscape " over 40 hectares of the railway bridge over the Black Brook below the Blosenbergs to its mouth in the Elsenz.

Traffic

The Schwarzbach is important for the local and in moderation for the regional road. About its lower part and the opening out Krebsbachtal runs with the road L 549 a northwest-southeast connection between the south and east of Heidelberg and the north of Heilbronn, but the back faces of the more significant connection through Elsenztal and Sinsheim. In the upper reaches between Waibstadt and Aglasterhausen the B 292 accompanied the valley, Sinsheim and Mosbach connects.

The Badische Schwarzbach Valley Railway, now a branch line runs through the valley of the landscape of home the way up to Aglasterhausen. It is part of the former Baden Odenwald railway, which in 1862 opened up the north of Baden and since 1945/49 no eastern continuation towards Mosbach has more. The Krebsbach Valley Railway branches off of her in Neckarbischofsheim off and unlocks the Krebsbachtal. However, it is the setting of the passenger traffic on 1 August 2009 without regular traffic.

Rhein-Neckar-Kreis Meckesheim Buntsandstein Heilbronn (district) Lobbach (Elsenz) Krebsbach (Schwarzbach) Zwingenberg (Baden) European brook lamprey Naturschutzgebiet
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