Senecio viscosus

Sticky Groundsel ( Senecio viscosus )

The sticky ragwort ( Senecio viscosus ), also called adhesive or sticky ragwort ragwort, is a species of the genus Greis herbs ( Senecio ) in the sunflower family ( Asteraceae). Their natural home is located in the temperate zones of Eurasia, and it is in some areas of the world a neophyte.

• 5.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaf

The Sticky Groundsel is a strikingly unpleasant-smelling, deciduous, annual herbaceous plant, the plant height usually 20-40 ( 10-60 ) reached centimeters. It is formed a taproot. Except for the flowers and fruits, the aboveground plant parts are covered with short, sticky glandular hairs. The only stems per copy is branched.

The alternate on the stem are arranged distributed leaves are divided into petiole and leaf blade. The leaf blade is oblong with a length of 2 to 7 centimeters and a width of 1.5 to 4 centimeters in outline obovate to. It has a tapering to a more or less truncated base and is deeply pinnately lobed to - column printing. The lobes are narrow, lanceolate, wavy or serrated sinuate. The uppermost leaves are smaller, and sitting more or less amplexicaul.

Inflorescence and flower

The flowering period extends from (June) July to September. In composite, irregular, loose, schirmtraubigen total inflorescences usually three to eight ( 1 to 30) are basket- shaped part inflorescences together. The Basket Case ( involucre ) is cylindric - campanulate at a height of 9-11 mm and of a diameter of 5 to 6 mm. The few, usually only two or three, rarely up to five, Außenhüllblätter are from loose, partially pushed down to the basket handle, and ( is the largest about 4 mm long), almost half as long as the inner bracts. The approximately 13 to 21 bracts are 5-7 mm long and blackish at the tip.

The flower heads contain yellow, fertile tongue and tubular flowers. The approximately 13 yellow ray florets are short and their 1 to 2 millimeters long tongue is spread just before fertilization and in sunshine and mostly beaten back soon or rolled back, so that they are easily overlooked.

Fruit

The achenes are smooth and mostly hairless. The pure white pappus is the fruit of time three times as long as the fruit.

Set of chromosomes

The basic chromosome number is x = 10; it is tetraploid ago with a chromosome number of 2n = 40

Ecology

The Sticky Groundsel is a Therophyt.

The flowers are laid out in sunny weather, otherwise the ray florets are recurved. Pollinators are bees.

Aufkriechende insects are probably held back by sticky stems. The achenes are spreading about her Pappus as Schirmchenflieger from, but also spread as water Hafter is possible. A 75 cm high plant produced approximately 260,000 individual fruits in 426 Cup.

Occurrence

The Sticky Groundsel occurs naturally in West Asia, the Caucasus, Eastern, Central and South-Eastern Europe. As an indigenous plant it holds in the Baltic States, Armenia, Georgia, Ciskaukasien, Spain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Germany, Austria, Switzerland, Italy, Poland, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Slovenia, Hungary, Serbia, Croatia, Montenegro, Bulgaria, Albania, Romania, Macedonia, Greece and Turkey. As a neophyte, you can find the sticky ragwort in Scandinavia, the oceanic North America, East Asia, and in the British Isles.

Originally Sticky Groundsel is well in sand heaths and inland dunes of the Atlantic embossed, Sub-Mediterranean and temperate climate areas located from where was their synanthropic spread along roads and railway embankments. In the Alps, Sticky Groundsel rises to altitudes of 2275 meters and the Caucasus to 2500 meters. In central Europe it occurs frequently, but is absent in the western lowlands, in the foothills and in the Eastern Alps in smaller areas; it comes at its sites often in smaller, individual- rich stocks. In Austria, it is often in all provinces.

The sticky ragwort needs stony or sandy- grusigen subsoil which is often deficient in lime, but need not be. It settled railways, roadsides, rock debris or construction waste and also goes often to the forest beats. It is weak lime-intolerant. It thrives in the hill and montane levels.

There is a potential invasive plant, especially since it can be spread out on seeds of useful plants.

Taxonomy

The first publication of Senecio viscosus was made in 1753 by Carl Linnaeus in Species Plantarum, 2, p 868 A synonym for Senecio viscosus is Senecio calvertii Boiss ..