Soekarno–Hatta International Airport
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The international airport Soekarno -Hatta ( Indonesian Bandara Internasional Soekarno -Hatta, IATA: CGK, ICAO: WIII ), also called Cengkareng, is the international airport of the Indonesian capital of Jakarta. With a passenger volume of about 44 million in 2010 ( 18.4 % year -on-year ), he is one of the largest airports in Asia and is the world ranking 9th place
History
In the 1970s, the ADPi, an Indonesian subsidiary of the Paris ADP took on the plans for a new airport, which was to replace the old, chronically congested Kemayoran Airport to the north of Jakarta. It was designed by the French architect Paul Andreu. The new airport was named after the first President of Indonesia, Soekarno, and the Vice-President Mohammad Hatta and was opened on 13 August 1984, initially with a terminal, now Terminal 1, 20 kilometers northwest of Jakarta.
Since both passenger terminals are operating at almost full capacity, they have gradually been renovated and expanded from 2001. The current master plan of the CGC provides in the final stage four parallel launch and landing strips, between which there are two large clearance complexes. One of the new tracks to be built in the near future, at a short distance from the present-day Southern Railway. The second additional runway to be built at a large distance to today's northern runway and allow parallel runway operation with the Northern Railway.
Terminal 4 would be built according to Terminal 3 between the Northern Railway and the new northern runway.
Infrastructure
Most of the airport building is located between the two parallel runways. Right in the middle of the two lanes running an expressway that connects the airport with the city.
The architecture is strongly influenced by the Indonesian architectural tradition, both passenger terminals are similar architecturally. A noticeable change represents the terrace roof of the grand concourse in Terminal 1, in contrast, in Terminal 2 is a complete roof. The mostly made of wood roof structure is supported by red-painted steel beams.
Both passenger buildings consist of two main levels. As usual, the lower floor (ground ) is dedicated to the arriving passengers and the overlying layer takes the departing passengers on. In the waiting rooms ( a total of 42 bungalows ), these two levels, united by escalators, in the middle of the bungalows. While departing passengers waiting on both sides of the escalators in the bungalow on their clearance, the arriving passengers from the jetway are coming, conducted in the middle of the bungalow, on the escalators to the lower level.
The individual bungalows are for the most part, by elevated paths in the open air, respectively. Earlier, the opportunity to go while waiting at the free air, of many passengers, especially tourists was much appreciated. However, the airport company Ankasa Pura II closed the access for passengers to save costs for air conditioning.
In concourses treadmills are installed around the paths to shorten in both planes. The transit passengers leave the arrivals level at the transition between the Concourse and Main Building hose, and get there via escalators in the overlying departure level.
Terminal 1
Terminal 1 was opened in 1984, and took both the international and national air traffic. However, it was soon overloaded and it was built Terminal 2. Terminal 1 is located south of the highway, head to the southern runway.
The Terminal 1, just like the Terminal 2, the shape of a semicircle. This semi-circle forms the check-in and baggage claim building tube of the three so-called grand concourse (Concourse A, B, C ) branch. At each of these concourses there are seven to eight gates. Each gate has its own waiting room, in the form of an upstream pavilions. The pavilions are connected by long corridors that pass through the well-kept and very beautiful garden landscape with the concourses. Disadvantage of this really nice idea: The paths take a lot of time, are extremely time consuming for transit passengers. Today, the Terminal 1 produced exclusively from domestic flights.
Terminal 2
Terminal 2 has architecturally very similar to Terminal 1, but it is somewhat higher spatially although the semicircle fails somewhat smaller. It is located north of the highway, directly facing the northern slopes. Again, there are three concourses (D, E, F). As Terminal 1 has been designed by the architect Paul Andreu 2 and the terminal.
With the opening of Terminal 2 all international flights were relocated there. Only the Indonesian flag carrier Garuda Indonesia and Merpati Nusantara Airlines is allowed its national flights also check in at Terminal 2, to save transfer passengers long distances.
Just as the Terminal 1, Terminal 2 has already reached the millennium to its capacity limits; with a 2010, almost 250 % strength utilization is to be expected with a strong crowding and long waiting times.
Terminal 3
Since April 2009, is the first gate of Terminal 3 in operation and is currently used for domestic flights of Air Asia and Mandala. It is built in stages east of the present terminal building and will eventually be much larger than the other two terminals at the airport today.