Southern and Northern Dynasties
The time of the Southern and Northern Dynasties (Chinese南北朝, Pinyin Nanbeichao ) is according to the Chinese historiography the period from the end of the Jin Dynasty to the start of the Sui Dynasty, ie the period from 420 to 581
Through a barbarian attack from the north in 316 Luoyang was destroyed. All of China north of the Yangtze River was overrun, but the Jin princes gathered in Nanjing and retook the Yangzi valley. Now, China was divided between the foreign dynasties that ruled in the north, and the Chinese Empire in the south. 273 years long, China remained divided into a northern and a southern part. Both sides sought theoretically to a reunion. Wars between North and South broke out sporadically, but remained limited.
Between the nomadic peoples who had annexed the northern China, it constantly clashed, a total of sixteen kingdoms had emerged. After 70 years ( 386 ) brought an invasion of the whole north under a single rule, namely the Tuoba Wei Dynasty. The people of the Tuoba helped himself pretty soon the Chinese administrative structure and it was not long until she went up in the Chinese culture.
The rule of the nomadic peoples across northern China opened the trade routes to the west again, and Turkestan invaded the coming Buddhism from India to northern China.
While the north was united, six short-lived Chinese dynasties changed in the south from each other. However, despite the unstable political situation, the Chinese culture was further cultivated in the south. Especially under the Liang Dynasty Emperor Liang Wu Di (reigned 502-549 ) recorded it a peaceful time, a generous promotion of Buddhism and a cultivation of the fine arts (at least until a general named Hou Jing rose, the capital conquered and starving the emperor allowed ).
Chronology
Southern dynasties
There are four southern dynasties:
Northern dynasties
There are five northern dynasties:
- Northern Wei ( 386-534 )
- Eastern Wei ( 534-550 )
- Western Wei ( 535-557 )
- Northern Qi ( 550-577 )
- Northern Zhou ( 557-581 )
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- Southern and Northern Dynasties