Straight-five engine

The five-cylinder engine is a type of reciprocating piston engines, particularly internal combustion engines.

Description

Types

With engine aircraft radial engines are used with five cylinders. In this type of engine, the cylinder number is always odd. Also, in 1931, developed by Ferdinand Porsche for Zündapp "Volkswagen" (Porsche Type 12 ) had a 5-cylinder radial engine. Another design was the truck Lancia 3ro from 1938 with an in-line five-cylinder diesel engine.

Five-cylinder in-line engines are mainly found in the passenger car construction. In 1974, the Daimler -Benz AG, the Mercedes 240 D 3.0 the first passenger car diesel engine (OM 617) with five cylinders before, which was developed in the engineering office of Porsche's grandson, Ferdinand Piëch in 1972 in Stuttgart. In 1976, Audi NSU Auto Union AG presented the Audi 100 5E with five-cylinder gasoline engine in 1978 followed by the Audi 100 5D with diesel engine.

Honda developed in 2001 a V5 engine for use in motorcycle racing. The populated with the V5 RC211V was used from 2001 to 2006.

Application as a series motor

Developed in the early 1970s diesel Mercedes -Benz OM617 ( " oil engine " type 617) was produced by Daimler -Benz until the turn of the millennium, where he came across classes to use and was sold in total in zig- millions of copies. Unfavorable vibrations from 4400 / min due to the 2nd order of the free inertial moments, it did not come first, however, to being used as a gasoline engine that changed with the 1976 featured Audi 100 5E Audi NSU had managed to obtain the vibration problems under control; .. engines were after the standards of that time enjoyable durable and had a favorable power and torque curve. Starting in 1980, went to the original quattro in series, was which exclusively equipped with five-cylinder engines. the Quattro all-wheel - drive gave Audi two world Rally Champion title and also drew also the five-cylinder gasoline engine popular, making this engine concept also for other manufacturers was again interesting: Towards the middle / end of the 1990s came in the VW Golf IV GTI, VW Bora and VW Passat 3B/3BG and the Seat Toledo II is a five-cylinder petrol engine in VR arrangement used, while Fiat a five-cylinder petrol engine in-line configuration in the Bravo HGT and the Fiat Coupé 2.0 20V and 2.0 20V einbaute Turbo, which thus became the fastest production models of the company's history.

And even today different manufacturers ( inter alia, Volvo, Fiat and Ford), the five-cylinder principle, since it offers compared to the Reihensechser space advantages and so is also suitable for transverse mounting. Volvo uses gasoline and diesel five-cylinder ( the 850, C30, S/V40, V50, S60, S/V/C70, S80, XC60, XC90 ). Volkswagen T4 used in the five-cylinder gasoline and diesel engines with 2.4 liter and 2.5 liter displacement, some with and without turbocharger; also in T5, but there only with 2.5 liter displacement. Fiat had a five-cylinder diesel with 2.4 liters of displacement, which was used in several models of Fiat ( Croma ), Alfa Romeo (159 ) and Lancia ( Thesis, Lybra ). Ford built in the Focus ST, Focus RS and S-Max type a Volvo turbo five-cylinder. Audi uses a five-cylinder engine in the TT RS and RS3 in. Mercedes has between 2003 and 2005 scrapped its five-cylinder engine range.

Quietness

Five-cylinder engines are available in terms of refinement and deployment characteristics between four and six- cylinder in-line engines. The smoothness is inherently better than a four-cylinder, but worse than a six-cylinder. The free inertial forces of the first order can be reduced with a counter-rotating balance shaft to the crankshaft; to compensate the second order moments are omitted due to the technical complexity. The engine sound of the five-cylinder in-line engines have a characteristic sound, which is perceived as a sonorous and earthy especially in the firing order 1-2-4-5-3.