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Template: Infobox River / Obsolete

The Prochladnaja (Russian Прохладная; former German name ( The ) Frisching ) is a 77 km long tributary of the Vistula Lagoon of the Baltic Sea in Kaliningrad Oblast in Russia (until 1945 Regierungsbezirk Königsberg, East Prussia, the German province). The Frisching was the main river in the northern part of the circle Prussian Eylau (now Russian: Rajon Bagrationowsk ).

The Russian name is the approximate translation of the German name is (literally " cool ", "fresh ").

Course

The Prochladnaja rises in southwestern Zehlaubruch, a more than 30 km ² High Moor (Russian Osjorski sapowednik, after the northern village Ozerki, formerly United Lindenau ) and displays the main drain; they flow into its tortuous course in predominantly westerly direction, in middle and lower reaches called by a Huntau fertile landscape.

Most of its tributaries are on the left side: the Pokosnaja ( Waldecker or wholesale Waldecker Mühlenfließ ), the Schumnaja (noise - ditch ), the Reswaja ( Beisleide ), the Mühlwasser and Kornewka ( Stradick ) with its tributary Maiskaja ( Pasmar ). Only the Strena and Samet Well (brand ) open one from the right side.

The Prochladnaja flows exiting the Zehlau - breaking first in a northwesterly direction, then turning at the deserted village of Good comber break to the west. North of the deserted village Liebenau she takes as a first small creek on the Pokosnaja ( Waldecker Mühlenfließ ), obtained after the deserted village Frisching ( after 1945 initially Prochladnoje ) the first and still existing place Tschechowo ( Uderwangen ). Below the deserted village drinking home ( Wyssokoje ) takes the Prochladnaja on the Schumnaja (noise - ditch ). After the also -defunct villages Moddien, Wöterkeim, Fabian field and Lawdt it reaches Newskoje ( United Lauth ), where the Reswaja ( Beisleide ) opens. There, the flow direction of the Prochladnaja to northwest, which it maintains past Youzhny ( Jesau ) until shortly before Wladimirowo ( Tharaw, the birthplace of " Annie's of Tharaw " ) changes. Shortly thereafter, she increases from left the Mühlwasser and a little later from the right Strena on.

From Maiskoje ( United Bajohren, 1938-1946 Baier field ) of the river reaches the former territory of the district Sambia ( previously Fischhausen ) and flows through it to the west Swetloje ( Kobbelbude ), where he reached the territory of the former county Heiligenbeil. In Swetloje the sometimes more than 10 meters wide Kornewka ( Stradick ) opens as the largest tributary in the Prochladnaja. The Kornewka has 4 km before ( south ) at Medowoje (target pitch) received the Maiskaja ( Pasmar ). The Prochladnaja turns on the last kilometers of its course back to the northwest, taking from the right Samet Well (brand ) and ends in the village Uschakowo (Brandenburg ) at its south-eastern shore in the Vistula Lagoon. The estuary is protected on both sides by several hundred meters long jetties.

The origin of the river is in the northwest of the Rajons Prawdinsk. On the majority of its length of 77 kilometers ( according to older data 65 km ) flows through the Prochladnaja the Rajon Bagrationowsk, then a piece along the border with Rajon Guryevsk, they crossed on the last kilometers.

Ecology, flora and fauna

According to the Kaliningrad Centre for Hydrometeorology and Environmental Monitoring ( KGZMS ), which maintains a measurement point 0.5 km upstream of the mouth, the river water is contaminated only slightly by organic listing. In the river, which has always been considered of fish, 38 species of fish can be detected today, including pike, perch, trout, roach, perch, chub, bream, white bream, rudd, asp, bleak, moderlieschen, goat, whitefish, burbot, Norway, stone loach and loach. The banks are almost everywhere covered with reeds.

Economic importance and infrastructure

The in the lower reaches approximately 30 meters wide Prochladnaja is not navigable, but can be driven with larger boats. In source vicinity and in the lowland area of middle and lower reaches it is connected to a plurality of trenches in combination, are used for drainage of swampy areas partly. Due to its richness in fish is a popular angling.

The river is used by the railways, the Kaliningrad to Polish border at Mamonowo ( Heiligenbeil, former Prussian Eastern Railway, at Swetloje ) crosses and Bagrationowsk ( at Wladimirowo Prussian Eylau; ; former East Prussian Southern Railway ). Prawdinsk ( Friedland ) - - For Tschechowo the regional road A 196 Kaliningrad crosses Schelesnodoroschny ( Gerdauen ) - Krylowo (North Castle ) the river, at Newskoje the A 195 of Kaliningrad to the Polish border at Bagrationowsk in Swetloje the R 516 (formerly unfinished autobahn Berlin King mountain ) and in estuary near Uschakowo in the A 194 Kaliningrad - Laduschkin ( Ludwigsort ) - Mamonowo - Polish border ( former National Highway 1).

Several existing before 1945 bridges are only remains to find, so south of Wladimirowo and Uschakowo.