Tartuffe
- Mme Pernelle, mother of Orgon
- Orgon, Elmire man of
- Elmire, wife of Orgon
- Damis, Orgon 's son
- Mariane, daughter of Orgon and lover Valere
- Valere, Mariane's lover
- Cleante, brother of Elmire
- Tartuffe, bigot
- Dorine, Mariane 's maid of
- And Others
Tartuffe or The Cheat ( Original title: Tartuffe ou L' Imposteur ) is a five-act comedy in verse by the French poet Molière, which was premiered on 12 May 1664 a first version.
This first version triggered due to their drastic and revolutionary for its time criticism from religious Heuchlertums a complete scandal that led to the ban on the first and second version of the play, which was performed in 1667. Only in a course of action significantly revised third edition escaped with the assistance of Louis XIV of censorship. This third version is the common today; the first two are considered lost. The third and final version was premiered on February 5, 1669 at the Théâtre du Palais -Royal in Paris.
- 3.1 movie
- 3.2 Music Theatre
Content
Action
Orgon's family is desperate, because it has been fooled by the impostor Tartuffe, who claims to be a particularly religious man. Since Tartuffe lives in Orgon's house, Orgon followed all the advice that gives him the cheater. Finally Orgon decides his daughter Mariane to marry Tartuffe with, even though she is engaged to Valere. Mariane is unhappy with her father's decision; therefore, her stepmother Elmire tried in vain to dissuade Tartuffe of his marriage plans.
During the conversation, Tartuffe Elmire makes advances and is observed by Damis, Orgon's son. Against the will of Elmire Orgon tells Damis that comes straight home from this scene. Orgon believes his son not because Tartuffe sent feigns remorse. Instead disinherited Orgon Damis and decides Tartuffe to override his possessions.
Meanwhile, Mariane is always unfortunate, because her father will not turn away from his plan regarding her marriage. Elmire, it is possible to delay the signing of the contract. She promises her husband to prove that Damis is right and Tartuffe is actually in love with her. Orgon agrees to hide under the table while Elmire Tartuffe asks to him and pretends to love him also. Tartuffe rises immediately on their offer and Elmire sends him for a short time to talk with her husband. Orgon realizes that his family in terms of Tartuffe is right and this is a hypocrite and a cheat.
As Tartuffe returns, Orgon confronts him and wants to throw the impostor out of the house. However, Tartuffe makes him aware that Orgon has overridden him the house and therefore he is the new host. Suddenly Orgon remembers that he has Tartuffe important papers of a friend who had to flee passed. Finally, Ms Pernelle, Orgon's mother comes to visit. As her son was Pernelle of Tartuffe enthusiastic, and even as their Orgon tells his true character, they can not be dissuaded from their views. Then comes Mr. Loyal, an adept of Tartuffe bailiff to tell the family that they have to leave the house until morning. Now even recognizes woman Pernelle that Tartuffe is a fraud.
While the family about what to do, Valere, to warn Orgon appears: Tartuffe has the papers handed over to the king, who now want to arrest Orgon. The family is planning her escape, when suddenly Tartuffe accompanied by a policeman returns. The family poses Tartuffe all his offenses before, and Tartuffe asks the police to carry out his order. To everyone's surprise, the policeman then arrested Tartuffe himself, since this is a known fraudster who is also appeared under another name. In order that the donation is reversed, and finally allowed Orgon marriage of Valere and Mariane.
Figures
The characters of this comedy are all typed more or less strong. The piece gains its dynamics on the one hand from the situation comedy and the pace of the action and on the other from the language of Molière. The tension arises less from the character traits of the characters as more of the structural conflict between the parties.
- Madame Pernelle is the mother of Orgon. Molière they can be dismounted in the very first scene, when she leaves the family Orgone and every ruthless administers his fault as she holds herself for faithful and respectable. Although they thus initially praises the Tartuffe and is representative of a bygone generation, they will realize their mistake at the end.
- Orgon is the man of Elmire. He has been the arrival of Tartuffe "uneasy wüstem delusion " of (I, 2) and for the family any more help.
- This help is Elmire Elmire, the wife of Orgon. It represents as the antipode of her husband, the positives and the ordering authority that can last untie the knot of confusion.
- Damis is Orgon's son. It is quite similar to him with his fiery character, but his actions fall flat in the air.
- Mariane, Orgon's daughter, is a quiet mind; they remain passive, even though she is the object of the wedding dispute.
- Dorine 's maid and antipode of Mariane. She also takes before superiors not mince words and forwards Mariane, who is very fond of, to action (cf. II, 4 for a particularly dramatic example ).
- Valere is the beloved Marianes.
- Cleante is Elmires brother, a man of cool reason, who knows this but quite actively used when the success it is not always granted (eg, I, 5).
- Tartuffe is a religious hypocrite who has the confidence of Orgon's surreptitiously. He is the apple of discord and stress for the whole family after Orgon only permanently sheltered him in the house and wants to marry later with his daughter. He remains faded as a character - a further indication that Molière here wanted to ask very general social practices and groups in the pillory.
Molière's intentions
As Molière wrote this piece, he attacked thus an extremely influential party in: the Pious ( Devots ). Among them the one hand, there were men who were filled with honest zeal, on the other hand, however, even those who understood exploit the power of religion in their favor. This second group is criticized by Molière.
However, the play deals not only religious issues, but also portrays a family of the middle class. Orgon, which has achieved a solid financial position trying to legitimize his social position religiously. Like all large civil Molière it is characterized by a certain naivety. His children he treated dictatorial. As in several other pieces of the author comes the issue of forced marriage ( mariage forcé ) for the language.
With the allusion to the Fronde, by which France was split about 15 years earlier, the reference to the contemporary historical reality is made. The role of the king as a deus ex machina is not least to explain the fact that Molière was to him committed to a debt of gratitude because without the approval of Louis XIV, who was like Molière set at the time of the religious party hostile to the piece hardly could have been listed.
A special feature of the piece is the late appearance of the protagonist who enters the stage only in the course of the third act. In addition to Orgon ( played by Molière ) and Tartuffe there are the following, rather typed supporting roles: naive and impetuous children ( Damis, Mariane and Valere ), guided by reason people ( Elmire and Cleante ), the servant of the house, with a healthy sense is blessed and not mince words takes ( Dorine ), the old mother of the householder ( Madame Pernelle was to Molière times played by a man ).
Although the piece contains many typed elements, the questioning of a religion that can develop into a dictatorship remains revolutionary. Together with Don Juan, this is one of the pieces that have caused the most controversy and resistance.
Edits
Film
Many films are based on the Tartuffe - in this list are merely movies, which see themselves as film adaptations of the play.
TV
Cinema