Ypsilandra

Ypsilandra thibetica

The genus belongs to the family of Ypsilandra Germer plants ( Melanthiaceae ). The six species are common in Asia.

• 4.1 Notes and references

Description

Appearance and leaves

Ypsilandra species grow as perennial herbaceous plants. These geophytes form as outlasting underground, short, thickened, fleshy rhizomes something. All plant parts are bare.

The leaves are arranged in a basal rosette. The simple leaf blades are linear to lanceolate, lanceolate or spatulate - runs and gradually narrowed stalk -like at the bottom. There is Parallelnervatur.

Inflorescences and flowers

In the axils of the outer leaves are more or less long, erect, unbranched Blütenstandsschäfte who own some or many scale-like leaves. The racemose inflorescences contain 2 to 30 mostly hanging flowers. There are usually no bracts present.

The hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and threefold. The six equally diverse, durable bracts are free and are funnel-shaped together. The colors of the rich bloom depending on the type of white to yellow and pink to purple. There are nectaries at the base of the bloom. There are two circles, each with three stamens present; they usually extend beyond the bloom. From among themselves free, very long stamens are the inner to the base of the ovary, but never intertwine with the bloom cladding. The basifixen dust bags are kidney-shaped. Three carpels are fused to a constant upper, three-lobed, dreikammerigen ovary. Each ovary compartment contains many ovules. The depending on the type short to long style ends in a three-column to capitate stigma.

Fruit and seeds

The ascending capsule fruits are lokulizid, triangular, three-lobed in the upper area and contain many seeds. The narrow spindle-shaped seeds are skipped at both ends.

Chromosome numbers

The chromosome numbers are 2n = 34 against only Ypsilandra thibetica.

Systematics and distribution

The genus Ypsilandra 1888 Adrien René Franchet set up by in Nouvelles archives du muséum d' histoire naturelle, Series 2, 10, p 93. Type species is Ypsilandra thibetica Franch .. The genus name Ypsilandra derives from the Greek words ypsilo for Y -shaped and andra for stamen from; this refers to the fact that in some species the anthers are divided as a peace sign three-lobed.

The genus Ypsilandra in the tribe Heloniadeae within the family Melanthiaceae. The Tribe Heloniadeae had earlier also the rank of a family or Heloniadaceae was classified in the family Liliaceae .. The Tribe Heloniadeae contains three genera, all of which are elements of the arcto -Tertiary Geoflora. Helonias comes in eastern North America and Ypsilandra ( Vietnam Western China to the Himalayas ) and Heloniopsis ( Sakhalin, Korea, Taiwan and Japan) found in eastern Asia before ( N. Tanaka 1997).

The genus Ypsilandra comes in Bhutan ( sort of), Nepal ( sort of), Myanmar ( two species), Vietnam ( sort of) Taiwan ( sort of) and China (all six species, two of which are only there) before.

There are about six Ypsilandra types:

• Ypsilandra alpina FTWang & Tang: It grows on the edges of thickets and grasslands at altitudes 2000-4300 meters in Myanmar, southeastern Xizang and northwestern Yunnan.
• Ypsilandra cavaleriei H.Lév. & Vaniot: It thrives in shady locations on slopes and slopes along valleys at altitudes 1000-1400 meters in the northwestern Guangdong, Guangxi, Guizhou and southern Hunan.
• Ypsilandra jinpingensis WHChen, YMShui & Zhi Y.Yu: This 2003 first-described species occurs from southeastern Yunnan prior to northern Vietnam.
• Ypsilandra kansuensis RNZhao & ZXPeng: It grows on mountain slopes at altitudes 2000-2100 meters only in southern Gansu.
• Ypsilandra thibetica Franch. Thrives in forests and in moist places on slopes and shady slopes along valleys at altitudes 1300-2900 meters in the northeastern Guangxi, southern Hunan, Sichuan and in the central and eastern Taiwan.
• Ypsilandra yunnanensis W.W.Sm. & Jeffrey: It occurs in Bhutan, Nepal, Myanmar and the northeastern Xizang and northwestern Yunnan.

Use

Ypsilandra thibetica (蕊 花Ya rui hua ) is used as a hemostatic drug in traditional Chinese medicine, especially in the provinces of Sichuan and Yunnan.

Swell

• Chen Xinqi (陈心启) & Minoru N. Tamura: Ypsilandra, pp. 86 - text Registered as printed work, In: Wu Zheng -yi and Peter H. Raven (eds.): Flora of China, Volume 24 - Flagellariaceae through Marantaceae, Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis, 2000. ISBN 0-915279-83-5 (Sections Description and dissemination )
• Noriyuki Tanaka: Phylogenetic and taxonomic studies on Helonias, Ypsilandra and Heloniopsis: 1 Comparison of character states, in: Journal of Japanese Botany, Volume 72, Issue 4, 1997, pp. 221-228, 2nd Evolution and geographical distribution, in: Journal of Japanese Botany, Volume 72, Issue 5, 1997, pp. 286-292 and 3 Taxonomic revision, in: Journal of Japanese Botany, Volume 73, Issue 2, 1998, pp. 102-115.
• Tsai -Wen Hsu, Yoshiko Kono, Tzen - Yuh Chiang Ching -I Peng &: Ypsilandra ( Melanthiaceae; Liliaceae sensu lato ), a new generic record for Taiwan, In: Botanical Studies, Volume 52, 2011, p 99-104. : full-Text PDF.