Železná (Beroun District)
Železná ( German Železna, 1939-1945 Eisendorf ) is a municipality in the Czech Republic. It is located six kilometers north of Beroun and belongs to Okres Beroun.
Geography
Železná located in the hills Křivoklátská Highlands on a ridge between the valleys of the Berounka and Loděnice. In Železná the streams Farský creek and Přílepský spring creek. To the north rises the Hurka ( 461 m), to the east the Oburka (418 m ) south of the Maly PLESIVEC (446 m) and in the northwest the Kamenná ( 467 m). By Železná the state highway runs II/118 between Beroun and Unhošť.
Neighboring towns are Chyňava, Libečov and Nebuz in the north, Chrbiny, Ptice, Kalousův Mlýn, Úhonice and Nenačovice in the northeast, Malé Přílepy and Chrustenice in the east, Loděnice, Na Lesích, Na Malé Vráži and Vráž the southeast, Lhotka u Berouna and U Lhotky in south, Vápenice, V Libinách, Hýskov and Stradonice the southwest, Nižbor, Krkavčí Hora, Žlubinec and Dřevíč in the west and Podřeže, Skalka, Luby, Zelena Bouda, Kouty and Běleč in the northwest.
History
The first mention of Železná was in 1292, when King Wenceslaus II, the village gave the bishopric of Prague. Since 1384 the existence of a parish church is proven. At the church goods included the west of the village to the forest Zádušní les. Since the 15th century took place in the vicinity of the village ironstone mining; in the eastern area, in particular to Malé Přílepy, coal was mined. Shortly before 1463 acquired the Lords of Sternberg Železná. They gave the village in 1507 the cathedral chapter of St. Vitus at Prague Castle. During the uprising of the Estates of 1618 Železná was confiscated by the Protestants, and came after the Battle of White Mountain, back to the chapter in whose possession it remained thereafter without interruption. During the Thirty Years' War, the village was devastated. Register books are out in Železná since 1664. in 1681 the Church of the Assumption was restored. The Church in Hořelice belonged to 1698 as a branch of the parish Železná. The first mention of the trivial school took place in 1711. Classes took place in the cantor associated Chaluppe No. 6 in 1841 the new school house was inaugurated.
In 1843 Železna consisted of 41 houses with 372 inhabitants. Under the patronage stately parish church of the Assumption, the parish and the school stood. Moreover, there was in Železna an inn. In the village a stately limestone quarry was operated. Železna was vicarage for small Prilep (Malé Přílepy ) Nenačowitz, Lhotka, Libečow ( Libečov ) Chyniawa, Althütten and Hyskow. Until the mid-19th century Železna remained the rule Chrasstian submissive.
After the abolition of patrimonial Železná / Železna formed in 1850 a municipality in the district court district Smíchov and Unhošť. From 1893 Železná belonged to the district court and Kladno District Unhošť. At the end of the 19th century, the village had 412 inhabitants, of whom five were Jews. In Železná were two brickyards and the steam mill built in 1868 and saw František Raboch (No. 44). In the village school was taught vierklassig at this time. The chalk pits at that time were already shut down. At the beginning of the 20th century the steam mill burned down, their reconstruction was only 1920. Later, the Director General of the Křižík work Reisinger bought the mill and had them rebuilt in 1938 to a Swiss style villa. In 1932 Železná had 365 inhabitants. 1948, the community was reclassified from Okres Kladno in the Okres Beroun. In the same year the forest Zádušní les turned into community ownership of the church property. To January 1, 1980 Železná was incorporated into Chyňava. With the beginning of 1992 Železná again forms a separate municipality.
Attractions
- Baroque parish church of the Assumption, a native of 14th-century Gothic building was rebuilt in 1681 and remodeled in 1777. It is located west of the village square on a hill.
- Baroque presbytery built in 1777
- Protected wild service tree and two lime trees, which is about 300 years old trees are in front of the church. They were probably planted during the Baroque reconstruction of the church.
- Village square with the farms of Folk Architecture
- Storage house No. 43
- Lookout tower Lhotka u Berouna, south of the village